Highly Stretchable, Self-Adhesive, Antidrying Ionic Conductive Organohydrogels for Strain Sensors

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2023-03, Vol.28 (6), p.2817
• Main Authors: Huang, Xinmin, Wang, Chengwei, Yang, Lianhe, Ao, Xiang
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acids; Adhesives; antidrying; antifreezing; Biocompatibility; Bond strength; Cellulose; Chemical bonds; Chloride; double network; Electric properties; Electrical conductivity; Electrical resistivity; Elongation; Environmental conditions; Fourier transforms; Freezing; Gelatin; Glycerol; Glycerol-Water; Hydrogels; Hydrogen; Hydrogen bonding; Hydrogen bonds; Infrared spectroscopy; Mechanical properties; Metal fatigue; Molecular structure; Morphology; Nanocrystals; organohydrogel; Polymers; Polyvinyl alcohol; Raw materials; Scanning electron microscopy; Sensors; Solvents; Spectrum analysis; strain sensor; Stretchability; Water chemistry; Wearable technology
• ISSN: 1420-3049; 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062817

As flexible wearable devices, hydrogel sensors have attracted extensive attention in the field of soft electronics. However, the application or long-term stability of conventional hydrogels at extreme temperatures remains a challenge due to the presence of water. Antifreezing and antidrying ionic conductive organohydrogels were prepared using cellulose nanocrystals and gelatin as raw materials, and the hydrogels were prepared in a water/glycerol binary solvent by a one-pot method. The prepared hydrogels were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The mechanical properties, electrical conductivity, and sensing properties of the hydrogels were studied by means of a universal material testing machine and LCR digital bridge. The results show that the ionic conductive hydrogel exhibits high stretchability (elongation at break, 584.35%) and firmness (up to 0.16 MPa). As the binary solvent easily forms strong hydrogen bonds with water molecules, experiments show that the organohydrogels exhibit excellent freezing and drying (7 days). The organohydrogels maintain conductivity and stable sensitivity at a temperature range (-50 °C-50 °C) and after long-term storage (7 days). Moreover, the organohydrogel-based wearable sensors with a gauge factor of 6.47 (strain, 0-400%) could detect human motions. Therefore, multifunctional organohydrogel wearable sensors with antifreezing and antidrying properties have promising potential for human body monitoring under a broad range of environmental conditions.