Antioxidant Activity of Ruthenium Cyclopentadienyl Complexes Bearing Succinimidato and Phthalimidato Ligands

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2022-04, Vol.27 (9), p.2803
• Main Authors: Juszczak, Michał, Kluska, Magdalena, Kosińska, Aneta, Rudolf, Bogna, Woźniak, Katarzyna
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Alzheimer's disease; Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Cancer; Carbon monoxide; Cell cycle; Coordination Complexes - pharmacology; Cytotoxicity; Deoxyribonucleic acid; DNA; DNA damage; DNA oxidative damage; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; G1 phase; Gene expression; Hydrogen Peroxide; Kinases; Leukemia; Leukocytes (mononuclear); Leukocytes, Mononuclear - metabolism; Ligands; Low concentrations; Oxidative stress; Peripheral blood mononuclear cells; phthalimide; Reactive oxygen species; Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism; ROS; Ruthenium; Ruthenium - pharmacology; Ruthenium compounds; ruthenium metallocarbonyl complexes; SOD activity; succinimide; Superoxide Dismutase
• ISSN: 1420-3049; 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092803

In these studies, we investigated the antioxidant activity of three ruthenium cyclopentadienyl complexes bearing different imidato ligands: (η -cyclopentadienyl)Ru(CO) - -methoxysuccinimidato ( ), (η -cyclopentadienyl)Ru(CO) - -ethoxysuccinimidato ( ), and (η -cyclopentadienyl)Ru(CO) - -phthalimidato ( ). We studied the effects of ruthenium complexes - at a low concentration of 50 µM on the viability and the cell cycle of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and HL-60 leukemic cells exposed to oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (H O ). Moreover, we examined the influence of these complexes on DNA oxidative damage, the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. We have observed that ruthenium complexes - increase the viability of both normal and cancer cells decreased by H O and also alter the HL-60 cell cycle arrested by H O in the sub-G1 phase. In addition, we have shown that ruthenium complexes reduce the levels of ROS and oxidative DNA damage in both cell types. They also restore SOD activity reduced by H O . Our results indicate that ruthenium complexes - bearing succinimidato and phthalimidato ligands have antioxidant activity without cytotoxic effect at low concentrations. For this reason, the ruthenium complexes studied by us should be considered interesting molecules with clinical potential that require further detailed research.