Antivenom Efficacy in Neutralizing Histopathological Complications Following Latrodectus dahli Envenomation

Nowadays use of specific antivenin for latrodectism is considered as the most effective treatment in the world. This study was undertaken to investigate the efficacy of specific antivenom against histopathological complications caused by venom on liver, heart and kidneys tissues within 72h. Two grou...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases 2017-03, Vol.11 (1), p.42-49
Main Authors: Valikhanfard-Zanjani, Elham, Zare-Mirakabadi, Abbas, Zayerzadeh, Ehsan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antivenom
Heart
Histopathological complication
Histopathology
Insect bites
Kidneys
Latrodectus
Liver
Nervous system
Original
Spiders
Toxicology
Venom
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Summary:Nowadays use of specific antivenin for latrodectism is considered as the most effective treatment in the world. This study was undertaken to investigate the efficacy of specific antivenom against histopathological complications caused by venom on liver, heart and kidneys tissues within 72h. Two groups were selected, each one contained 6 male New Zealand rabbits weighing 2±0.5kg. The animals were anesthetized with 0.5ml ketamine and 0.5ml xylazine by intramuscular route. The venom (0.5mg/kg) was injected subcutaneously to both the groups. The second group of rabbits 24h after the venom injection received specific antivenom by intravenous route. Seventy-two hours after the venom and antivenom injections, the rabbits were dissected to obtain heart, liver and kidney tissues. The tissues were stained by hematoxylin and eosin stains and histopathological studies were examined by optical microscope. In group one, the venom induced myocytolysis, myocarditis, coagulation necrosis in the heart tissue and the liver tissue showed central vein congestion, congested vessels, dilated sinusoids and inflammation. However, no significant histopathological complications were observed in kidney tissues. In the second group, antivenom injection greatly prevented escalation of the complications on foresaid tissues. venom induces histopathological complications on vital organs. Specific antivenom injection, 24h after the venom injection, could protect the tissues from incidence and intensification of histopathological complications. Future studies in human beings should be conducted to assess the protection against the specific- antivenin.
ISSN:2322-1984
1735-7179
2322-2271