Phenotypic Heterogeneity in ORAI-1-Associated Congenital Myopathy

• Published in: Global medical genetics 2024-12, Vol.11 (4), p.297-303
• Main Authors: Baskar, Dipti, Vengalil, Seena, Polavarapu, Kiran, Preethish-Kumar, Veeramani, Arunachal, Gautham, Sukrutha, Ramya, Bardhan, Mainak, Huddar, Akshata, Unnikrishnan, Gopikrishnan, Kulkarni, Girish Baburao, Chickabasaviah, Yasha T, Kumar, Rashmi Santhosh, Nalini, Atchayaram, Nashi, Saraswati
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: congenital fiber-type disproportion; congenital myopathy; ophthalmoparesis; ORAI-1; Original
• ISSN: 2699-9404; 2699-9404
• DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1790245

ORAI-1 is a plasma membrane calcium release-activated calcium channel that plays a crucial role in the excitation-contraction of skeletal muscles. Loss-of-function mutations of cause severe combined immunodeficiency, nonprogressive muscle hypotonia, and anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. Autosomal dominant gain-of-function mutation causes Stormorken's syndrome, which includes tubular aggregate myopathy along with bleeding diathesis.  This is a description of a genetically confirmed case of ORAI-1-associated myopathy with clinical, histopathological, and imaging characteristics and a detailed literature review.  We report an 18-year-old woman who presented with 2-and-a-half year history of slowly progressive proximal lower limb weakness and ophthalmoparesis. Her serum creatine kinase levels were normal. Magnetic resonance imaging of the muscle showed predominant fatty infiltration of the glutei and quadriceps femoris. Histopathological analysis of muscle biopsy was suggestive of congenital fiber-type disproportion (CFTD). Clinical exome sequencing showed novel homozygous nonsense pathogenic variant NC_000012.12 (NM_032790.3): c.205G > T (p.Glu69Ter) in gene.  This report expands the phenotypic spectrum of ORAI-1-related myopathy to include congenital myopathy-CFTD with ophthalmoparesis, a novel manifestation.