Effects of pH and Cultivation Time on the Formation of Styrene and Volatile Compounds by Penicillium expansum

Styrene can be formed by the microbial metabolism of bacteria and fungi. In our previous study, styrene was determined as a spoilage marker of Fuji apples decayed by , which is responsible for postharvest diseases. In the present study, was cultivated in potato dextrose broth added with phenylalanin...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2019-04, Vol.24 (7), p.1333
Main Authors: Kim, Hye Won, Lee, Sang Mi, Seo, Jeong-Ah, Kim, Young-Suk
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alcohol
Amino acids
Apples
Carbohydrates
Cultivation
cultivation time
Decalactone
Dehydrogenases
Discriminant analysis
Enzymes
Fatty acids
Fruits
Fungi
Gas chromatography
Geosmin
Hexanal
Mass spectrometry
Mass spectroscopy
Metabolism
Microorganisms
Oct-1 protein
Odors
Penicillium expansum
Phenylalanine
phenylalanine metabolism
Post-harvest decay
Potatoes
Spoilage
Styrene
Styrenes
VOCs
Volatile compounds
Volatile organic compounds
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Summary:Styrene can be formed by the microbial metabolism of bacteria and fungi. In our previous study, styrene was determined as a spoilage marker of Fuji apples decayed by , which is responsible for postharvest diseases. In the present study, was cultivated in potato dextrose broth added with phenylalanine-which is a precursor of styrene-using different initial pH values and cultivation times. Volatile compounds were extracted and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) combined with stir-bar sorptive extraction. The 76 detected volatile compounds included 3-methylbutan-1-ol, 3-methyl butanal, oct-1-en-3-ol, geosmin, nonanal, hexanal, and γ-decalactone. In particular, the formation of 10 volatile compounds derived from phenylalanine (including styrene and 2-phenylethanol) showed different patterns according to pH and the cultivation time. Partial least square-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) plots indicated that the volatile compounds were affected more by pH than by the cultivation time. These results indicated that an acidic pH enhances the formation of styrene and that pH could be a critical factor in the production of styrene by . This is the first study to analyze volatile compounds produced by according to pH and cultivation time and to determine their effects on the formation of styrene.
ISSN:1420-3049
1420-3049
DOI:10.3390/molecules24071333