Copper, Zinc, and Lead Recovery from Jarosite Pb–Ag Tailings Waste (Part 2)

• Published in: Minerals (Basel) 2024-08, Vol.14 (8), p.791
• Main Authors: Conić, Vesna, Janošević, Miloš, Božić, Dragana S., Avramović, Ljiljana, Jovanović, Ivana, Bugarin, Dejan M., Đorđievski, Stefan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Arsenic; Cathodes; Cementation; Copper; Copper sulfate; Decomposition; Electric furnaces; Energy consumption; Ferric oxide; Food processing; hydrometallurgy; Iron; Jarosite; jarosite processing; Leaching; Lead; Lead oxides; Low temperature; low-temperature roasting; metal recovery; Metals; Mine tailings; Mineralogy; Minerals; Particle size; Potassium; Radiation; Raw materials; Recovery; Roasting; Silver; Sodium; Sodium carbonate; Sodium hydroxide; Sulfates; Sulphates; Temperature; water leaching; Zinc; Zinc sulfate
• ISSN: 2075-163X; 2075-163X
• DOI: 10.3390/min14080791

The present paper describes the technological solution for obtaining Cu, Zn, Pb, and Ag from jarosite waste raw material, with its simultaneous separation from In and Fe. By roasting at low temperatures, iron was transformed from the Fe2(SO4)3 form into Fe2O3, which is insoluble in water and slightly soluble in acid. Copper sulfate and zinc sulfate are present in jarosite as sulfates. During temperature roasting, the copper and zinc were still in the form of CuSO4 and ZnSO4, i.e., they were easily dissolved in water. This procedure led to good selectivity of Cu and Zn compared to Fe. After water leaching, PbSO4 and Ag2SO4 remained in the solid residue. By treating jarosite with a content of 0.7% Cu, 5.39% Zn, and 5.68% Pb, products of commercial quality were obtained. By roasting jarosite in an electric furnace and leaching the roasted sample in water, leaching degrees of 91.07%, 91.97%, and 9.60% were obtained for Cu, Zn, and Fe, respectively. Using 1 M NaOH in the leaching solution, 99.93% Fe was precipitated to pH = 4. Cu in the form of CuSO4 was further treated by cementation with Zn, after which cement copper was obtained as a commercial product. Zn in the form of ZnSO4 was further treated by precipitation with Na2CO3 to obtain ZnCO3 concentrate of commercial grade. The total recovery of Pb and Ag, which were treated by chloride leaching, was 96.05% and 87.5%, respectively. The resulting NaPbCl3 solution was further treated with Na2CO3 solution, whereby PbCO3 was obtained as a commercial product. The produced PbCO3 could be further subjected to roasting to obtain soluble PbO. In these investigations, PbCO3 was smelted where a Pb anode was obtained; this was electrolytically refined to a Pb cathode. The proposed process does not pollute the environment with As and Cd.