Extraction of American ginseng polysaccharide by ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvents-based three-phase partitioning: Process optimization, structural characterization, and anti-ulcerative colitis study

• Published in: Ultrasonics sonochemistry 2025-01, Vol.112, p.107206, Article 107206
• Main Authors: Wu, Zhongnan, Li, Chong, Li, Junhao, Wang, Tanggan, Li, Meifeng, Zhao, Leyi, Ye, Huimei, Chen, Jiaheng, Zan, Jiajia, Song, Lijun, Zhang, Qian, Zhang, Shaojie
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: American ginseng; Anti-ulcerative colitis activity; Deep eutectic solvents; Drosophila; Polysaccharide; Ultrasonic
• ISSN: 1350-4177; 1873-2828; 1873-2828
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.107206

[Display omitted] •DES is well-suited as green solvents, replacing t-butanol in TPP system.•UA-TPP-DES system develop to extract and purify American ginseng polysaccharides.•UC Drosophila model is used to evaluate the anti-UC activity of AGP-DES-4.•AGP-DES-4 show anti-UC activity by regulating the homeostasis of IECs and ISCs. Three-phase partitioning (TPP) is promising for isolating bioactive polysaccharides, but t-butanol’s environmental impact limits its application. Deep eutectic solvents can serve as a green and recyclable alternative to t-butanol. This study introduces an ultrasonic-assisted DES three-phase partitioning (UA-TPP-DES) system to extract and purify American ginseng polysaccharides (AGPs). The optimized DES-4, composed of lauric acid and nonanoic acid (molar ratio = 1:1), achieved a 35.28 % extraction yield under specific conditions and can be recycled five times with minimal yield loss. AGP-DES-4 has a broad molecular weight distribution (2.48–174.64 kDa) and mainly consists of mannose, glucose, galactose, and arabinose. In vivo Drosophila models show that AGP-DES-4 improves UC fly survival and enhances intestinal barrier function by regulating the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and intestinal stem cells (ISCs). Our results highlight the effectiveness of the AGP-DES-4 extraction method and its potential therapeutic value for treating UC.