Cooperative Networked PIR Detection System for Indoor Human Localization

Pyroelectric Infrared (PIR) sensors are low-cost, low-power, and highly reliable sensors that have been widely used in smart environments. Indoor localization systems can be categorized as wearable and non-wearable systems, where the latter are also known as device-free localization systems. Since t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2021-09, Vol.21 (18), p.6180
Main Authors: Wu, Chia-Ming, Chen, Xuan-Ying, Wen, Chih-Yu, Sethares, William A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Accuracy
Algorithms
cooperative indoor localization
Estimates
Human motion
Indoor environments
Internet of Things
Kalman filters
Light emitting diodes
Localization
Machine learning
non-wearable system
Privacy
pyroelectric infrared sensor networks
Sensors
Signal processing
Systems stability
Wearable technology
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Summary:Pyroelectric Infrared (PIR) sensors are low-cost, low-power, and highly reliable sensors that have been widely used in smart environments. Indoor localization systems can be categorized as wearable and non-wearable systems, where the latter are also known as device-free localization systems. Since the binary PIR sensor detects only the presence of a human motion in its field of view (FOV) without any other information about the actual location, utilizing the information of overlapping FOV of multiple sensors can be useful for localization. In this study, a PIR detector and sensing signal processing algorithms were designed based on the characteristics of the PIR sensor. We applied the designed PIR detector as a sensor node to create a non-wearable cooperative indoor human localization system. To improve the system performance, signal processing algorithms and refinement schemes (i.e., the Kalman filter, a Transferable Belief Model, and a TBM-based hybrid approach (TBM + Kalman filter)) were applied and compared. Experimental results indicated system stability and improved positioning accuracy, thus providing an indoor cooperative localization framework for PIR sensor networks.
ISSN:1424-8220
1424-8220
DOI:10.3390/s21186180