Boron-induced metamorphosis of graphitic structures - a new form of mesoscopic carbon

• Published in: Carbon trends 2021-01, Vol.2, p.100012, Article 100012
• Main Authors: Echeverria, Elena, Austin, Aaron J., Dice, Nate, Kalkan, A. Kaan, Zhang, Linqi, Weng, Binbin, Meyer, D., Mcllroy, David N.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Boron; Carbon; Graphitic; GUITAR; Mesostructures
• ISSN: 2667-0569; 2667-0569
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cartre.2020.100012

•New tubular mesoscopic carbon structures that are not related to well-known CNT.•Metamorphosis of carbon induced due to boron inclusion.•Hollow filamentary carbon structures grown by a metal-free APCVD process.•Use of dopants to predetermine the morphology of carbon materials.•Inversion of the curvature of carbon hemispheres due to doping-induced strain. Several new allotropes of carbon have been discovered in recent decades with unique physical properties, enabling innovations in numerous applications from energy storage/conversion to water purification to drug delivery. The exceptional versatility of carbon begs the question, are there other carbon allotropes or mesoscale structures yet to be discovered? Herein, a unique mesoscopic tubular carbon is introduced, referred to as Boron Ortho-carborane Doped (BOD) Carbon, which is obtained by boron doping of the pseudo-graphite known as GUITAR (Graphite University of Idaho Tar). BOD-carbon exhibits a disordered nano-graphitic structure with basal atomic planes aligned with the tube axis. While GUITAR consists of overlapping downward curving structures, BOD-carbon consists of upward-curving hemispheres. The change in the growth direction characteristic of BOD-carbon as well as its two-stage growth from spherical to tubular, are attributed to B substitution of C and/or interstitial B, concomitant with a different strain state that modifies the energy in CC bonds as well as at the carbon-Si interface. This work demonstrates that previously unobserved forms of graphitic carbon can be obtained by manipulating strain in graphitic carbon at the atomic scale. BOD-carbon promises unique applications beyond the capabilities of the already known carbon nanotubes. [Display omitted]