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URBAN FOREST COMPONENTS INFLUENCING MICROCLIMATE AND COOLING POTENTIAL1

ABSTRACT Planting areas with arboreal vegetation has been proposed as a way to improve the climatic conditions of cities. However, it is not yet known which components of urban forest provide more satisfactory effects. The main goal of this study was to determine which components of the landscape pr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Revista árvore 2017-11, Vol.41 (6)
Main Authors: Martini, Angeline, Biondi, Daniela, Batista, Antonio Carlos
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:ABSTRACT Planting areas with arboreal vegetation has been proposed as a way to improve the climatic conditions of cities. However, it is not yet known which components of urban forest provide more satisfactory effects. The main goal of this study was to determine which components of the landscape provide greater influence on the microclimate and the cooling potential of the urban forest. For this, areas of different types of urban forest were selected. Using the fixed points method, the microclimate of the areas was analyzed, and by means of mobile transects walking a route of 500 m in an adjacent street, it was possible to analyze the influence in the immediate environment, determining the potential of cooling. The results indicated that the number of individuals and the tree density of the areas showed a statistically strong correlation with the temperature and relative humidity values, as well as with the cooling potential. In addition, it was found that 70% of the influence that the urban forest provides on the immediate surroundings can be explained by the number of trees. It is concluded that the number and density of individuals were the components of urban forest typologies that exerted greater influence on the microclimate, as well as on the cooling effect. RESUMO A implantação de áreas com vegetação arbórea tem sido proposta como forma de melhorar as condições climáticas das cidades. Contudo, ainda não se conhece quais os componentes da floresta urbana proporcionam efeitos mais satisfatórios. O objetivo da pesquisa foi determinar quais os componentes da paisagem proporcionam maior influência no microclima e no potencial de arrefecimento da floresta urbana. Para isso foram selecionadas áreas de diferentes tipologias de floresta urbana. Com o método de pontos fixos foi analisado o microclima das áreas e por meio de transectos móveis, um percurso com 500 m de caminhamento em rua adjacente, foi possível analisar a influência no entorno imediato, determinando o potencial de arrefecimento. Os resultados indicaram que o número de indivíduos e a densidade arbórea das áreas apresentaram forte correlação estatística com os valores de temperatura e umidade relativa, bem como com o potencial de arrefecimento. Além disso, verificou-se que 70% da influência que a floresta urbana proporciona no entorno imediato pode ser explicado pelo número de árvores. Conclui-se que o número e a densidade de indivíduos foram os componentes das tipologias de floresta urbana qu
ISSN:1806-9088
1806-9088
DOI:10.1590/1806-90882017000600003