Trends in the Epidemiological and Clinical Profile of Paracoccidioidomycosis in the Endemic Area of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a neglected endemic mycosis in Latin America. Most cases occur in Brazil. It is classified as PCM infection and PCM disease and is subdivided into chronic (adult type) or acute (juvenile type) disease, with the latter being less frequent and more severe. In 2016, we r...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of fungi (Basel) 2023-09, Vol.9 (9), p.946
Main Authors: Falcão, Eduardo Mastrangelo Marinho, Freitas, Dayvison Francis Saraiva, Coutinho, Ziadir Francisco, Quintella, Leonardo Pereira, Muniz, Mauro de Medeiros, Almeida-Paes, Rodrigo, Zancopé-Oliveira, Rosely Maria, de Macedo, Priscila Marques, do Valle, Antonio Carlos Francesconi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Chronic infection
Communicable diseases
Disease
Epidemiology
Fungal infections
Health aspects
Hospitalization
Infectious diseases
Information systems
Lymphatic system
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Mycoses
Mycosis
neglected diseases
Paracoccidioides
paracoccidioidomycosis
Patients
Public health
South American blastomycosis
Young adults
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Summary:Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a neglected endemic mycosis in Latin America. Most cases occur in Brazil. It is classified as PCM infection and PCM disease and is subdivided into chronic (adult type) or acute (juvenile type) disease, with the latter being less frequent and more severe. In 2016, we reported an increase in the numbers of patients diagnosed with acute PCM after a highway’s construction. We conducted a study at INI-Fiocruz, a reference center for infectious diseases, including endemic mycoses, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, aiming to deepen the analysis of this new clinical and epidemiological profile of PCM. The authors developed a retrospective study including 170 patients diagnosed with PCM between 2010 and 2019. There was an increase in the number of atypical and severe forms, starting in 2014. In subsequent years, we detected a higher incidence of adverse outcomes with patients requiring more hospitalizations and an increased mortality rate. We estimate that PCM has become more severe throughout the Rio de Janeiro state, affecting a greater number of young individuals and leading to a greater number of and longer hospitalizations. Surveillance measures and close monitoring of future notification data in the state, with emphasis on children, adolescents, and young adults are necessary for a better understanding of the perpetuation of this public health challenge.
ISSN:2309-608X
2309-608X
DOI:10.3390/jof9090946