Dynamics of topological defects in the noisy Kuramoto model in two dimensions

• Published in: Frontiers in physics 2022-08, Vol.10
• Main Authors: Rouzaire, Ylann, Levis, Demian
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: active matter; anomalous diffusion; langevin dynamics; out-of-equilibrium systems; synchronisation; topological defects
• ISSN: 2296-424X; 2296-424X
• DOI: 10.3389/fphy.2022.976515

We consider the two-dimensional (2D) noisy Kuramoto model of synchronization with short-range coupling and a Gaussian distribution of intrinsic frequencies, and investigate its ordering dynamics following a quench. We consider both underdamped (inertial) and over-damped dynamics, and show that the long-term properties of this intrinsically out-of-equilibrium system do not depend on the inertia of individual oscillators. The model does not exhibit any phase transition as its correlation length remains finite, scaling as the inverse of the standard deviation of the distribution of intrinsic frequencies. The quench dynamics proceeds via domain growth, with a characteristic length that initially follows the growth law of the 2D XY model, although is not given by the mean separation between defects. Topological defects are generically free, breaking the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless scenario of the 2D XY model. Vortices perform a random walk reminiscent of the self-avoiding random walk, advected by the dynamic network of boundaries between synchronised domains; featuring long-time super-diffusion, with the anomalous exponent α = 3/2.