The Complexity of the Arterial Blood Pressure Regulation during the Stress Test

• Published in: Diagnostics (Basel) 2022-05, Vol.12 (5), p.1256
• Main Authors: Qammar, Naseha Wafa, Orinaitė, Ugnė, Šiaučiūnaitė, Vaiva, Vainoras, Alfonsas, Šakalytė, Gintarė, Ragulskis, Minvydas
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: arterial blood pressure; Automation; Blood pressure; cardiac intercals; Cardiac stress tests; Cardiovascular system; Catecholamines; Electrocardiography; Exercise; Heart rate; Human body; Hypertension; Machine learning; Nervous system; Normal distribution; stress test
• ISSN: 2075-4418; 2075-4418
• DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12051256

In this study, two categories of persons with normal and high ABP are subjected to the bicycle stress test (9 persons with normal ABP and 10 persons with high ABP). All persons are physically active men but not professional sportsmen. The mean and the standard deviation of age is 41.11 ± 10.21 years; height 178.88 ± 0.071 m; weight 80.53 ± 10.01 kg; body mass index 25.10 ± 2.06 kg/m2. Machine learning algorithms are employed to build a set of rules for the classification of the performance during the stress test. The heart rate, the JT interval, and the blood pressure readings are observed during the load and the recovery phases of the exercise. Although it is obvious that the two groups of persons will behave differently throughout the bicycle stress test, with this novel study, we are able to detect subtle variations in the rate at which these changes occur. This paper proves that these differences are measurable and substantial to detect subtle differences in the self-organization of the human cardiovascular system. It is shown that the data collected during the load phase of the stress test plays a more significant role than the data collected during the recovery phase. The data collected from the two groups of persons are approximated by Gaussian distribution. The introduced classification algorithm based on the statistical analysis and the triangle coordinate system helps to determine whether the reaction of the cardiovascular system of a new candidate is more pronounced by an increased heart rate or an increased blood pressure during the stress test. The developed approach produces valuable information about the self-organization of human cardiovascular system during a physical exercise.