Black phosphorus-based 2D materials for bone therapy

• Published in: Bioactive materials 2020-12, Vol.5 (4), p.1026-1043
• Main Authors: Cheng, Liang, Cai, Zhengwei, Zhao, Jingwen, Wang, Fei, Lu, Min, Deng, Lianfu, Cui, Wenguo
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Black phosphorus; Bone therapy; Nanomaterial; Tissue engineering
• ISSN: 2452-199X; 2452-199X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.06.007

Since their discovery, Black Phosphorus (BP)-based nanomaterials have received extensive attentions in the fields of electromechanics, optics and biomedicine, due to their remarkable properties and excellent biocompatibility. The most essential feature of BP is that it is composed of a single phosphorus element, which has a high degree of homology with the inorganic components of natural bone, therefore it has a full advantage in the treatment of bone defects. This review will first introduce the source, physicochemical properties, and degradation products of BP, then introduce the remodeling process of bone, and comprehensively summarize the progress of BP-based materials for bone therapy in the form of hydrogels, polymer membranes, microspheres, and three-dimensional (3D) printed scaffolds. Finally, we discuss the challenges and prospects of BP-based implant materials in bone immune regulation and outlook the future clinical application. As an emerging 2D nanomaterial, Black phosphorus (BP) has received extensive attentions in the treatment of bone defect, due to their remarkable properties and excellent biocompatibility. Up to now, BP-based materials are mostly used in the form of hydrogels, polymer membranes, microspheres, and 3D printed scaffolds. We expect this review will provide some new ideas for the future design of BP-based materials. [Display omitted] •Black phosphorus an emerging 2D nanomaterial having unique physicochemical properties and biocompatibility.•Intrinsic connection between black phosphorus and bone tissue engineering.•Black phosphorus-based biomaterials for bone therapy applications.•Challenges and perspectives of black phosphorus-based materials for future development.