IFN-υ and its receptor subunits, IFN-υR1 and IL10RB in mallard Anas platyrhynchos

• Published in: Poultry science 2024-06, Vol.103 (6), p.103673-103673, Article 103673
• Main Authors: Pang, An Ning, Chen, Shan Nan, Liu, Lan Hao, Li, Bo, Song, Jing Wei, Zhang, Shan, Nie, P.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Avian Proteins - chemistry; Avian Proteins - genetics; Avian Proteins - metabolism; Ducks - genetics; Gene Expression Profiling - veterinary; IFN-υ, IFN-υR1, receptor, anas platyrhynchos; Immunity, Innate; IMMUNOLOGY, HEALTH AND DISEASE; Interferons - genetics; Interferons - metabolism; Interleukin-10 Receptor beta Subunit - chemistry; Interleukin-10 Receptor beta Subunit - genetics; Interleukin-10 Receptor beta Subunit - metabolism; Phylogeny; Receptors, Interferon - chemistry; Receptors, Interferon - genetics; Receptors, Interferon - metabolism; Sequence Alignment - veterinary; type IV IFN
• ISSN: 0032-5791; 1525-3171
• DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103673

Type IV interferon (IFN) has been shown to be a cytokine with antiviral activity in fish and amphibian. But, it has not been cloned and characterized functionally in avian species. In this study, type IV IFN, IFN-υ, and its 2 possible receptors, IFN-υR1 and IL10RB, were identified from an avian species, the mallard (Anas platyrhynchos). Mallard IFN-υ has a 531 bp open reading frame (ORF), encoding 176 amino acids (aa), and has highly conserved features as reported in different species, with an N-terminal signal peptide and a predicted multi-helix structure. The IFN-υR1 and IL10RB contain 528 and 343 aa, respectively, with IFN-υR1 protein containing JAK1 and STAT binding sites, and IL10RB containing TYK2 binding site. These 2 receptor subunits also possess 3 domains, the N-terminal extracellular domain, the transmembrane domain, and the C-terminal intracellular domain. Expression analysis indicated that IFN-υ, IFN-υR1 and IL10RB were widely expressed in examined organs/tissues, with the highest level observed in pancreas, blood, and kidney, respectively. The expression of IFN-υ, IFN-υR1 and IL10RB in liver, spleen or kidney was significantly upregulated after stimulation with polyI:C. Furthermore, recombinant IFN-υ protein induced the expression of ISGs, and the receptor of IFN-υ was verified as IFN-υR1 and IL10RB using a chimeric receptor approach in HEK293 cells. Taken together, these results indicate that IFN-υ is involved in the host innate immune response in mallard.