Clinical profile during the first and second pandemic waves in children and adolescents with COVID-19 at pediatric public hospital, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Background: COVID-19 is usually milder in children and adolescents, leading to lower hospital admission rates than adults. This study evaluated clinical manifestations in children (< 10 years) and adolescents (10 to < 18 years) with COVID-19 admitted to a tertiary municipal hospital in Rio de...

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Published in:Microbes, Infection and Chemotherapy Infection and Chemotherapy, 2024-02, Vol.4, p.e1989
Main Authors: Oliveira, Jeferson Tobias da Silva de Oliveira de, Portela, Luciana Fernandes, Vieira, Marcelo Carvalho, Almeida, Mariana Cristina Mendes, Sangenis, Luiz Henrique Conde, Siviero, Ivonete, Gonçalves, Tatiana Rehder, Mediano, Mauro Felippe Felix
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adolescents
children
COVID-19
mortality
SARS-CoV-2
symptoms
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container_title Microbes, Infection and Chemotherapy
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creator Oliveira, Jeferson Tobias da Silva de Oliveira de
Portela, Luciana Fernandes
Vieira, Marcelo Carvalho
Almeida, Mariana Cristina Mendes
Sangenis, Luiz Henrique Conde
Siviero, Ivonete
Gonçalves, Tatiana Rehder
Mediano, Mauro Felippe Felix
description Background: COVID-19 is usually milder in children and adolescents, leading to lower hospital admission rates than adults. This study evaluated clinical manifestations in children (< 10 years) and adolescents (10 to < 18 years) with COVID-19 admitted to a tertiary municipal hospital in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) during the first (February to November 2020) and second pandemic waves (November 2020 to April 2021). Methods: this retrospective observational study considered patients in the pediatric age group (
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This study evaluated clinical manifestations in children (&lt; 10 years) and adolescents (10 to &lt; 18 years) with COVID-19 admitted to a tertiary municipal hospital in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) during the first (February to November 2020) and second pandemic waves (November 2020 to April 2021). Methods: this retrospective observational study considered patients in the pediatric age group (&lt;18 years old) with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 using RT-PCR. Descriptive and bivariate analysis were performed assuming a p-value&lt;0.05 level of significance for all analyses. Results: among the 34 included patients (50% boys; 73.5% children), the most prevalent symptom was fever (88.2%), followed by asthenia (85.3%), and cough associated with dyspnea (50%); 29.4% were admitted to the ICU, and 5.9% needed invasive mechanical ventilation. All patients were treated with antibiotics, 88.2% with antivirals, and 52.9% with corticosteroids. Asthenia was more frequent among children than adolescents (96.0% vs. 55.6%; p &lt; 0.01). Tuberculosis was observed in none of the children, but 33.3% of the adolescents (p-value = 0.003). The percentage of hospitalized patients with family members infected with SARS-CoV-2 was smaller among children than adolescents (8.0% vs. 44.0%; p-value = 0.01). Other variables that differed between children and adolescents were C-reactive protein, creatinine, and need for non-invasive mechanical ventilation. There were no deaths among participants. Conclusion: in our hospital, COVID-19 was most often not severe in children and adolescents. 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This study evaluated clinical manifestations in children (&lt; 10 years) and adolescents (10 to &lt; 18 years) with COVID-19 admitted to a tertiary municipal hospital in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) during the first (February to November 2020) and second pandemic waves (November 2020 to April 2021). Methods: this retrospective observational study considered patients in the pediatric age group (&lt;18 years old) with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 using RT-PCR. Descriptive and bivariate analysis were performed assuming a p-value&lt;0.05 level of significance for all analyses. Results: among the 34 included patients (50% boys; 73.5% children), the most prevalent symptom was fever (88.2%), followed by asthenia (85.3%), and cough associated with dyspnea (50%); 29.4% were admitted to the ICU, and 5.9% needed invasive mechanical ventilation. All patients were treated with antibiotics, 88.2% with antivirals, and 52.9% with corticosteroids. Asthenia was more frequent among children than adolescents (96.0% vs. 55.6%; p &lt; 0.01). Tuberculosis was observed in none of the children, but 33.3% of the adolescents (p-value = 0.003). The percentage of hospitalized patients with family members infected with SARS-CoV-2 was smaller among children than adolescents (8.0% vs. 44.0%; p-value = 0.01). Other variables that differed between children and adolescents were C-reactive protein, creatinine, and need for non-invasive mechanical ventilation. There were no deaths among participants. Conclusion: in our hospital, COVID-19 was most often not severe in children and adolescents. 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subjects adolescents
children
COVID-19
mortality
SARS-CoV-2
symptoms
title Clinical profile during the first and second pandemic waves in children and adolescents with COVID-19 at pediatric public hospital, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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