Mechanisms and Functions of Long Non-Coding RNAs at Multiple Regulatory Levels

Long non-coding (lnc) RNAs are non-coding RNAs longer than 200 nt. lncRNAs primarily interact with mRNA, DNA, protein, and miRNA and consequently regulate gene expression at the epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, translational, and post-translational levels in a variety of ways. They...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2019-11, Vol.20 (22), p.5573
Main Authors: Zhang, Xiaopei, Wang, Wei, Zhu, Weidong, Dong, Jie, Cheng, Yingying, Yin, Zujun, Shen, Fafu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetylation
Animals
Biological activity
Cell cycle
Chromatin
Chromatin - metabolism
Cold
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
DNA methylation
DNA Methylation - genetics
Enzymes
epigenetic
Epigenetics
Experiments
Flowering
Gastric cancer
Gene expression
Gene regulation
Genome
Histones
Histones - metabolism
Homology
Humans
Leukemia
lncrna
Lysine
Methylase
mRNA processing
Non-coding RNA
Polycomb group proteins
Post-transcription
post-transcriptional
Post-translation
post-translational modification
Protein Processing, Post-Translational
Proteins
Review
RNA polymerase
RNA, Long Noncoding - genetics
RNA, Long Noncoding - metabolism
Transcription factors
transcriptional
Translation
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Summary:Long non-coding (lnc) RNAs are non-coding RNAs longer than 200 nt. lncRNAs primarily interact with mRNA, DNA, protein, and miRNA and consequently regulate gene expression at the epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, translational, and post-translational levels in a variety of ways. They play important roles in biological processes such as chromatin remodeling, transcriptional activation, transcriptional interference, RNA processing, and mRNA translation. lncRNAs have important functions in plant growth and development; biotic and abiotic stress responses; and in regulation of cell differentiation, the cell cycle, and the occurrence of many diseases in humans and animals. In this review, we summarize the functions and mechanisms of lncRNAs in plants, humans, and animals at different regulatory levels.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms20225573