Advancements in Pharmacological Interventions and Novel Therapeutic Approaches for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

(1) Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease in which the patient suffers from an affection of both upper and lower motor neurons at the spinal and brainstem level, causing a progressive paralysis that leads to the patient's demise. Gender is also considered a predispo...

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Published in:Biomedicines 2024-09, Vol.12 (10), p.2200
Main Authors: Montiel-Troya, María, Mohamed-Mohamed, Himan, Pardo-Moreno, Teresa, González-Díaz, Ana, Ruger-Navarrete, Azahara, de la Mata Fernández, Mario, Tovar-Gálvez, María Isabel, Ramos-Rodríguez, Juan José, García-Morales, Victoria
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ALS
Amino acids
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Brain stem
Free radicals
Genes
Hypotheses
Mitochondria
motor neuron dysfunction
Motor neurons
multidisciplinary treatment
Mutation
Neurodegeneration
Neurodegenerative diseases
neurodegenerative disorder
Neurons
Neurotoxicity
Oxidation
Oxidative stress
Paralysis
pharmacological interventions
Phenylbutyric acid
Physiology
Proteins
Quality of life
Risk factors
Systematic Review
Toxicity
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Summary:(1) Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease in which the patient suffers from an affection of both upper and lower motor neurons at the spinal and brainstem level, causing a progressive paralysis that leads to the patient's demise. Gender is also considered a predisposing risk factor for developing the disease. A brief review of the pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease is also described in this work. Despite the fact that a cure for ALS is currently unknown, there exists a variety of pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies that can help reduce the progression of the disease over a certain period of time and alleviate symptoms. (2) We aim to analyze these pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies through a systematic review. A comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach to treatment is necessary. (3) Drugs such as riluzole, edaravone, and sodium phenylbutyrate, among others, have been investigated. Additionally, it is important to stay updated on research on new drugs, such as masitinib, from which very good results have been obtained. (4) Therapies aimed at psychological support, speech and language, and physical therapy for the patient are also available, which increase the quality of life of the patients.
ISSN:2227-9059
2227-9059
DOI:10.3390/biomedicines12102200