The Heavy-Metal Fingerprint of the Irinovskoe Hydrothermal Sulfide Field, 13°20′ N, Mid-Atlantic Ridge

A number of Cd-, Pb-, Ag- and Sb(±As)-bearing minerals are found in the Zn-rich smoker chimneys of the Irinovskoe hydrothermal sulfide field, 13°20′ N, Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Sulfide samples were studied using optical microscopy, SEM/EDS, XRD, EBDS, ICP-MS and thermodynamic approaches. The chimneys con...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Minerals (Basel) 2022-12, Vol.12 (12), p.1626
Main Authors: Melekestseva, Irina, Kotlyarov, Vasiliy, Tret’yakov, Gennadiy, Shilovskikh, Vladimir, Khvorov, Pavel, Belogub, Elena, Beltenev, Victor, Filippova, Kseniya, Sadykov, Sergey
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Barite
Cadmium
Cadmium sulfide
Chalcopyrite
Chimneys
Copper
Copper sulfides
Crystallization
Galena
Gypsum
Heavy metals
Hydrothermal fields
hydrothermal sulfide fields
Laboratories
Light microscopy
Low temperature
massive sulfides
Metals
Mid-ocean ridges
Mineral assemblages
Mineralogy
Minerals
Ocean floor
Opal
Optical microscopy
polymetallic elements
Pyrite
Pyrrhotite
Rocks
Silver
Smectites
smoker chimneys
Sphalerite
Sulfides
Sulfur
Sulphides
Sulphur
Trace elements
Ultramafic materials
Ultramafic rocks
Wurtzite
Zinc
Zincblende
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Summary:A number of Cd-, Pb-, Ag- and Sb(±As)-bearing minerals are found in the Zn-rich smoker chimneys of the Irinovskoe hydrothermal sulfide field, 13°20′ N, Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Sulfide samples were studied using optical microscopy, SEM/EDS, XRD, EBDS, ICP-MS and thermodynamic approaches. The chimneys consist of major sphalerite (including Cd-bearing type with up to 41.38 wt% Cd) and wurtzite, subordinate opal, pyrite, chalcopyrite and Fe-oxyhydroxides, as well as accessory native sulfur, baryte, secondary copper sulfides, galena, CdS phase (most likely hawleyite), pyrrhotite, isocubanite, acanthite, Ag–Cu–Sb(±As)-bearing minerals, native gold, anglesite, gypsum, smectites, naumannite and lollingite. The main source of metals for the formation of Zn-rich sulfides was mafic rocks, with a subordinate role from ultramafic rocks. Crystallization of most accessory minerals at low temperatures (
ISSN:2075-163X
2075-163X
DOI:10.3390/min12121626