Topography: A Biophysical Approach to Direct the Fate of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Tissue Engineering Applications

Tissue engineering is a promising strategy to treat tissue and organ loss or damage caused by injury or disease. During the past two decades, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have attracted a tremendous amount of interest in tissue engineering due to their multipotency and self-renewal ability. MSCs ar...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2020-10, Vol.10 (10), p.2070
Main Authors: Cun, Xingli, Hosta-Rigau, Leticia
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adipocytes
Antigens
Biomaterials
Biomedical materials
Cell differentiation
Cell lineage
Cell self-renewal
Differentiation
Fabrication
Growth factors
Mesenchymal stem cells
Porosity
Review
Scaffolds
Stem cells
Tissue engineering
Topography
Transplants & implants
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Summary:Tissue engineering is a promising strategy to treat tissue and organ loss or damage caused by injury or disease. During the past two decades, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have attracted a tremendous amount of interest in tissue engineering due to their multipotency and self-renewal ability. MSCs are also the most multipotent stem cells in the human adult body. However, the application of MSCs in tissue engineering is relatively limited because it is difficult to guide their differentiation toward a specific cell lineage by using traditional biochemical factors. Besides biochemical factors, the differentiation of MSCs also influenced by biophysical cues. To this end, much effort has been devoted to directing the cell lineage decisions of MSCs through adjusting the biophysical properties of biomaterials. The surface topography of the biomaterial-based scaffold can modulate the proliferation and differentiation of MSCs. Presently, the development of micro- and nano-fabrication techniques has made it possible to control the surface topography of the scaffold precisely. In this review, we highlight and discuss how the main topographical features (i.e., roughness, patterns, and porosity) are an efficient approach to control the fate of MSCs and the application of topography in tissue engineering.
ISSN:2079-4991
2079-4991
DOI:10.3390/nano10102070