The Use of HPTLC and SDS-PAGE Methods for Coniferous Honeydew Honey Fingerprinting Compiled with Mineral Content and Antioxidant Activity

Fir honeydew honey is a uniquely beneficial product which is often subjected to adulteration; however, pollen analysis is not useful to verify this honey type. Fourteen samples of EU protected designation of origin fir honeydew honey gathered directly from apiaries were studied. Standards of legal r...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2022-01, Vol.27 (3), p.720
Main Authors: Tomczyk, Monika, Bocian, Aleksandra, Sidor, Ewelina, Miłek, Michał, Zaguła, Grzegorz, Dżugan, Małgorzata
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acidity
antioxidant activity
Antioxidants
Antioxidants - analysis
Antioxidants - pharmacology
authenticity
Beekeeping
Buckwheat
EU directives
Fingerprinting
Flavonoids
Flowers & plants
Gel electrophoresis
Honey
Honey - analysis
Honeydew
honeydew honey
Insects
Market prices
Minerals - analysis
Moisture content
Nectar
Optical rotation
Phenols - analysis
Plant nectar
Pollen
polyphenols
protein
Quercus - chemistry
sugars
Sugars - analysis
Water content
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Summary:Fir honeydew honey is a uniquely beneficial product which is often subjected to adulteration; however, pollen analysis is not useful to verify this honey type. Fourteen samples of EU protected designation of origin fir honeydew honey gathered directly from apiaries were studied. Standards of legal requirements and additional parameters, i.e., specific optical rotation, mineral content, and antioxidant activity, were tested. Five nectar honeys of different varieties were used as a comparative material. HPTLC and SDS-PAGE methods were used to fingerprint the honey types. All honeys tested fulfilled the quality requirements in terms of water content, pH, total acidity, conductivity, HMF, and diastase number. They were defined as dark amber on the Pfund scale and exhibited positive specific rotation (+2.5 to 25). Honeydew honey surpassed the tested nectar honeys in terms of mineral content and antioxidant activity as well as total polyphenolic content, except for buckwheat honey. The sugar and polyphenolic profile obtained by HPTLC allowed to distinguish honeydew from nectar honeys. The same was achieved by SDS-PAGE protein profiling. Both techniques seem to be cheap and quick tools for precisely distinguishing honeydew honey.
ISSN:1420-3049
1420-3049
DOI:10.3390/molecules27030720