Circulating Serum VEGF, IGF-1 and MMP-9 and Expression of Their Genes as Potential Prognostic Markers of Recovery in Post-Stroke Rehabilitation-A Prospective Observational Study

The key period in post-stroke recovery is the first three months due to the high activity of spontaneous and therapeutic-induced processes related to neuroplasticity, angiogenesis and reperfusion. Therefore, the present study examines the expression of VEGF, IGF-1 and MMP-9 proteins and their genes...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Brain sciences 2023-05, Vol.13 (6), p.846
Main Authors: Włodarczyk, Lidia, Cichoń, Natalia, Karbownik, Michał Seweryn, Saso, Luciano, Saluk, Joanna, Miller, Elżbieta
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Angina pectoris
Angiogenesis
biomarker
Biomarkers
Cognitive ability
Demographics
Depression, Mental
Exercise
Gelatinase B
Gene expression
Genes
Health aspects
Hemorrhage
Insulin-like growth factor I
Insulin-like growth factors
Ischemia
Medical imaging
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Memory
Mental depression
Mortality
Nervous system
Neuroimaging
Neurophysiology
Neuroplasticity
Observational studies
Patients
Prognosis
Proteins
recovery
Rehabilitation
Reperfusion
Statistical analysis
Stroke
Variance analysis
Vascular endothelial growth factor
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Summary:The key period in post-stroke recovery is the first three months due to the high activity of spontaneous and therapeutic-induced processes related to neuroplasticity, angiogenesis and reperfusion. Therefore, the present study examines the expression of VEGF, IGF-1 and MMP-9 proteins and their genes to identify biomarkers that can prognose brain repair ability and thus estimate the outcome of stroke. It also identifies possible associations with clinical scales, including cognitive assessment and depression scales. The study group comprised 32 patients with moderate ischemic stroke severity, three to four weeks after incident. The results obtained after three-week hospitalization indicate a statistically significant change in clinical parameter estimations, as well as in MMP9 and VEGF protein and mRNA expression, over the rehabilitation process. Our findings indicate that combined MMP9 protein and mRNA expression might be a useful biomarker for cognitive improvement in post-stroke patients, demonstrating 87% sensitivity and 71% specificity ( < 0.0001).
ISSN:2076-3425
2076-3425
DOI:10.3390/brainsci13060846