Measurable Residual Disease Detection in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Current Challenges and Future Directions

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive malignant disease with a high relapse rate due to the persistence of chemoresistant cells. To some extent, these residual cells can be traced by sensitive flow cytometry and molecular methods resulting in the establishment of measurable residual disease...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biomedicines 2024-03, Vol.12 (3), p.599
Main Authors: Moritz, Jennifer, Schwab, Antonia, Reinisch, Andreas, Zebisch, Armin, Sill, Heinz, Wölfler, Albert
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acute myeloid leukemia
Antigens
Bone marrow
Chemotherapy
Clinical medicine
Clinical trials
Flow cytometry
Hematology
Laboratories
Leukemia
measurable residual disease
Medical prognosis
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Methods
MRD detection methods
Mutation
Next-generation sequencing
Patients
Pharmaceutical industry
postremission decision
Remission (Medicine)
Review
risk-stratification
Transplants & implants
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Description
Summary:Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive malignant disease with a high relapse rate due to the persistence of chemoresistant cells. To some extent, these residual cells can be traced by sensitive flow cytometry and molecular methods resulting in the establishment of measurable residual disease (MRD). The detection of MRD after therapy represents a significant prognostic factor for predicting patients' individual risk of relapse. However, due to the heterogeneity of the disease, a single sensitive method for MRD detection applicable to all AML patients is lacking. This review will highlight the advantages and limitations of the currently available detection methods-PCR, multiparameter flow cytometry, and next generation sequencing-and will discuss emerging clinical implications of MRD test results in tailoring treatment of AML patients.
ISSN:2227-9059
2227-9059
DOI:10.3390/biomedicines12030599