Oral Sources of Salivary Metabolites

The oral cavity is very diverse, wherein saliva plays an important role in maintaining oral health. The metabolism of saliva has been used to investigate oral diseases as well as general diseases, mainly to detect diagnostic biomarkers. There are many sources of salivary metabolites in the mouth. On...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Metabolites 2023-03, Vol.13 (4), p.498
Main Authors: Hyvärinen, Eelis, Kashyap, Bina, Kullaa, Arja M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino acids
Analysis
Bacteria
Biofilms
Biological markers
Biomarkers
Carbohydrates
Care and treatment
Diagnosis
Dysbacteriosis
Exocrine glands
gingival crevicular fluid
Inflammation
Inflammatory diseases
Metabolic diseases
Metabolism
Metabolites
Microbiota
Microorganisms
Mouth
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Oral cavity
oral disease
Oral diseases
Oral hygiene
oral microbiota
Review
Risk factors
Saliva
Systemic diseases
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Summary:The oral cavity is very diverse, wherein saliva plays an important role in maintaining oral health. The metabolism of saliva has been used to investigate oral diseases as well as general diseases, mainly to detect diagnostic biomarkers. There are many sources of salivary metabolites in the mouth. Online English language sources and the PubMed database were searched to retrieve relevant studies on oral salivary metabolites. The physiological balance of the mouth is influenced by many factors that are reflected in the salivary metabolite profile. Similarly, the dysbiosis of microbes can alter the salivary metabolite profile, which may express oral inflammation or oral diseases. This narrative review highlights the factors to be considered when examining saliva and its use as a diagnostic biofluid for different diseases. Salivary metabolites, mainly small-molecule metabolites may enter the bloodstream and cause illness elsewhere in the body. The importance of salivary metabolites produced in the oral cavity as risk factors for general diseases and their possible relationship to the body's function are also discussed.
ISSN:2218-1989
2218-1989
DOI:10.3390/metabo13040498