Anti-TCP1 Antibody Is a Potential Biomarker for Diagnosing Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences 2024-08, Vol.25 (16), p.8612
• Main Authors: Lee, Sang-Won, Baek, Wook-Young, Park, So-Won, Chung, Jee-Min, Park, Ji-Hyun, Kang, Ho Chul, Jung, Ju-Yang, Suh, Chang-Hee
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Antibodies; Antigens; Autoantibodies - blood; Autoantibodies - immunology; autoantibody; Autoimmune diseases; biomarker; Biomarkers; Biomarkers - blood; Case-Control Studies; chaperonin containing t-complex polypeptide 1; Disease; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - methods; Enzymes; Female; Genes; Humans; Immunology; Lupus; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic - blood; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic - diagnosis; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic - immunology; Male; Middle Aged; Pathogenesis; protein chip; Protein folding; systemic lupus erythematosus
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168612

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by autoantibodies. Serum samples from patients with SLE ( = 10) were compared with those from normal controls (NCs, = 5) using 21K protein chip analysis to identify a biomarker for SLE, revealing 63 SLE-specific autoantibodies. The anti-chaperonin-containing t-complex polypeptide-1 (TCP1) antibody exhibited higher expression in patients with SLE than in NCs. To validate the specificity of the anti-TCP1 antibody in SLE, dot blot analysis was conducted using sera from patients with SLE ( = 100), rheumatoid arthritis (RA; = 25), Behçet's disease (BD; = 28), and systemic sclerosis (SSc; = 30) and NCs ( = 50). The results confirmed the detection of anti-TCP1 antibodies in 79 of 100 patients with SLE, with substantially elevated expression compared to both NCs and patients with other autoimmune diseases. We performed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to determine the relative amounts of anti-TCP1 antibodies; markedly elevated anti-TCP1 antibody levels were detected in the sera of patients with SLE (50.1 ± 17.3 arbitrary unit (AU), = 251) compared to those in NCs (33.9 ± 9.3 AU), RA (35 ± 8.7 AU), BD (37.5 ± 11.6 AU), and SSc (43 ± 11.9 AU). These data suggest that the anti-TCP1 antibody is a potential diagnostic biomarker for SLE.