Plasma Membrane Lipid Domains as Platforms for Vesicle Biogenesis and Shedding?

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) contribute to several pathophysiological processes and appear as emerging targets for disease diagnosis and therapy. However, successful translation from bench to bedside requires deeper understanding of EVs, in particular their diversity, composition, biogenesis and she...

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Published in:Biomolecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2018-09, Vol.8 (3), p.94
Main Authors: Pollet, Hélène, Conrard, Louise, Cloos, Anne-Sophie, Tyteca, Donatienne
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antigens
Apoptosis
Biophysical Phenomena
Biosynthesis
Blood
Blood platelets
calcium
Cancer
ceramide
Cholesterol
cytoskeleton
Erythrocytes
Exosomes
Extracellular Vesicles - metabolism
Hemoglobin
Homeostasis
Humans
Lipid composition
lipid domains
Lipid rafts
Lipids
Membrane Microdomains - metabolism
Microscopy
microvesicle
Models, Biological
Neutrophils
Oxidative stress
raft
red blood cell
Review
Senescence
sphingomyelinase
Tumor cells
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description Extracellular vesicles (EVs) contribute to several pathophysiological processes and appear as emerging targets for disease diagnosis and therapy. However, successful translation from bench to bedside requires deeper understanding of EVs, in particular their diversity, composition, biogenesis and shedding mechanisms. In this review, we focus on plasma membrane-derived microvesicles (MVs), far less appreciated than exosomes. We integrate documented mechanisms involved in MV biogenesis and shedding, focusing on the red blood cell as a model. We then provide a perspective for the relevance of plasma membrane lipid composition and biophysical properties in microvesiculation on red blood cells but also platelets, immune and nervous cells as well as tumor cells. Although only a few data are available in this respect, most of them appear to converge to the idea that modulation of plasma membrane lipid content, transversal asymmetry and lateral heterogeneity in lipid domains may play a significant role in the vesiculation process. We suggest that lipid domains may represent platforms for inclusion/exclusion of membrane lipids and proteins into MVs and that MVs could originate from distinct domains during physiological processes and disease evolution.
doi_str_mv 10.3390/biom8030094
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subjects Animals
Antigens
Apoptosis
Biophysical Phenomena
Biosynthesis
Blood
Blood platelets
calcium
Cancer
ceramide
Cholesterol
cytoskeleton
Erythrocytes
Exosomes
Extracellular Vesicles - metabolism
Hemoglobin
Homeostasis
Humans
Lipid composition
lipid domains
Lipid rafts
Lipids
Membrane Microdomains - metabolism
Microscopy
microvesicle
Models, Biological
Neutrophils
Oxidative stress
raft
red blood cell
Review
Senescence
sphingomyelinase
Tumor cells
title Plasma Membrane Lipid Domains as Platforms for Vesicle Biogenesis and Shedding?
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