Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Nutritionally Relevant Concentrations of Oleuropein and Hydroxytyrosol on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells: An Age-Related Analysis

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences 2023-07, Vol.24 (13), p.11029
• Main Authors: Pojero, Fanny, Gervasi, Francesco, Fiore, Salvatore Davide, Aiello, Anna, Bonacci, Sonia, Caldarella, Rosalia, Attanzio, Alessandro, Candore, Giuseppina, Caruso, Calogero, Ligotti, Mattia Emanuela, Procopio, Antonio, Restivo, Ignazio, Tesoriere, Luisa, Allegra, Mario, Accardi, Giulia
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Age; Aged; Aging; Analysis; Anti-inflammatory drugs; Blood plasma; Cell viability; Chronic diseases; Chronic illnesses; Cytokines; Homeostasis; Humans; hydroxytyrosol; Immune system; Immunosenescence; inflammaging; Inflammation; Interleukin 10; Interleukin 6; Interleukin 8; Leukocytes; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Lipopolysaccharides; Lipopolysaccharides - toxicity; LPS; Lymphocytes; Middle Aged; Monocytes; Oleuropein; Olive oil; PBMC; Peripheral blood mononuclear cells; Phenylethyl Alcohol - pharmacology; Polyphenols; Polyphenols - pharmacology; Statistical analysis; Statistical significance; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Tumor necrosis factor-α; Young Adult
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311029

Immunosenescence and inflammaging facilitate the insurgence of chronic diseases. The Mediterranean diet is a non-invasive intervention to improve the chronic low-grade inflammatory status associated with aging. Olive oil oleuropein (OLE) and hydroxytyrosol (HT) demonstrated a controversial modulatory action on inflammation in vitro when tested at concentrations exceeding those detectable in human plasma. We studied the potential anti-inflammatory effects of OLE and HT at nutritionally relevant concentrations on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as regards cell viability, frequency of leukocyte subsets, and cytokine release, performing an age-focused analysis on two groups of subjects: Adult (age 18-64 years) and Senior (age ≥ 65 years). OLE and HT were used alone or as a pre-treatment before challenging PBMCs with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Both polyphenols had no effect on cell viability irrespective of LPS, but 5 µM HT had an LPS-like effect on monocytes, reducing the intermediate subset in Adult subjects. OLE and HT had no effect on LPS-triggered release of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8, but 5 µM HT reduced IL-10 secretion by PBMCs from Adult vs. Senior group. In summary, nutritionally relevant concentrations of OLE and HT elicit no anti-inflammatory effect and influence the frequency of immune cell subsets with age-related different outcomes.