Influence of genetic regulatory effects modified by environmental immune activation on periapical disease

• Published in: Brazilian oral research 2019-01, Vol.33, p.e109-e109
• Main Authors: Caires, Nely Cristina Medeiros, Espaladori, Marcela Carvalho, Tavares, Warley Luciano Fonseca, Brito, Luciana Carla Neves de, Vieira, Leda Quercia, Ribeiro Sobrinho, Antônio Paulino
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Brazil; Cytokines; Cytokines - analysis; Dental Pulp Necrosis - genetics; Dental Pulp Necrosis - immunology; Dentistry; DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Immune System Phenomena; Indians, South American; Indigenous Population; Periapical Periodontitis - genetics; Periapical Periodontitis - immunology; Population Groups; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Reference Values; RNA, Messenger - analysis; Root Canal Therapy; Root Canal Therapy - methods; Statistics, Nonparametric; Time Factors; Urban Population
• ISSN: 1806-8324; 1807-3107; 1807-3107
• DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2019.vol33.0109

The objective of this study was to compare the periradicular responses in endodontic infections among members of two populations: an urban Brazilian population and a non-mixed indigenous population. Samples were collected immediately and 7 days after the cleaning and shaping procedures (after reducing the intracanal microbial load) in an attempt to characterize the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-9, interferon (IFN)-γ, IL-17, IL-10, and the chemokines CXCR4, CCL2/monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, and CCR6. The endogenous cytokine and chemokine expression levels were analyzed using real-time PCR. Only the urban population showed a significant increase in TNF-α, CCL2/MCP-1, CXCR4, and CCR6 expression following the cleaning and shaping of the root canal system. The IFN-γ levels were increased at the 2nd collection (p < 0.05) in the indigenous population. In turn, a significant increase in IL-10 and IL-17 expression (p < 0.05) was observed after the cleaning and shaping procedures (2nd collection) in both populations. No significant differences in the IL-1β, IL-9, and CCL4 expression levels were observed between the 1st and 2nd collections in both populations. The results demonstrate a cytokine and chemokine expression profile that is specific to each analyzed population. However, immune modulation mediated by IL-10 began on the 7th day after the beginning of the endodontic treatment in both populations.