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Development of a Large-Volume Concentration Method to Recover Infectious Avian Influenza Virus from the Aquatic Environment
Since late 2021, outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus have caused a record number of mortalities in wild birds, domestic poultry, and mammals in North America. Wetlands are plausible environmental reservoirs of avian influenza virus; however, the transmission and persistence of the v...
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Published in: | Viruses 2024-12, Vol.16 (12), p.1898 |
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creator | Hubbard, Laura E Stelzer, Erin A Poulson, Rebecca L Kolpin, Dana W Szablewski, Christine M Givens, Carrie E |
description | Since late 2021, outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus have caused a record number of mortalities in wild birds, domestic poultry, and mammals in North America. Wetlands are plausible environmental reservoirs of avian influenza virus; however, the transmission and persistence of the virus in the aquatic environment are poorly understood. To explore environmental contamination with the avian influenza virus, a large-volume concentration method for detecting infectious avian influenza virus in waterbodies was developed. A variety of filtering, elution, and concentration methods were explored, in addition to testing filtering speeds using artificially amended 20 L water matrices (deionized water with sterile dust, autoclaved wetland water, and wetland water). The optimal protocol was dead-end ultrafiltration coupled with salt solution elution and centrifugation concentration. Using this method, infectious virus was recovered at 1 × 10
50% egg infectious dose per milliliter (EID
/mL), whereas viral RNA was detected inconsistently down to 1 × 10
EID
/mL. This method will aid in furthering our understanding of the avian influenza virus in the environment and may be applicable to the environmental detection of other enveloped viruses. |
doi_str_mv | 10.3390/v16121898 |
format | article |
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50% egg infectious dose per milliliter (EID
/mL), whereas viral RNA was detected inconsistently down to 1 × 10
EID
/mL. This method will aid in furthering our understanding of the avian influenza virus in the environment and may be applicable to the environmental detection of other enveloped viruses.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1999-4915</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1999-4915</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/v16121898</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39772205</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Animals ; Aquatic birds ; Aquatic environment ; Avian flu ; avian influenza ; Birds - virology ; Centrifugation ; Elution ; environment ; Flocculation ; infectious ; Influenza ; Influenza A virus - genetics ; Influenza A virus - isolation & purification ; Influenza in Birds - virology ; method ; Methods ; RNA, Viral - genetics ; Surface water ; Testing laboratories ; Ultrafiltration ; virus ; Viruses ; water ; Water Microbiology ; Wetlands</subject><ispartof>Viruses, 2024-12, Vol.16 (12), p.1898</ispartof><rights>2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2024 by the authors. 2024</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c325t-56e1dac808178bd8f059db5d1ef3aab6d1e4abad5d4f6b19e66ba6776aa999513</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-3529-6505 ; 0000-0002-8087-3295 ; 0000-0003-3813-1500 ; 0000-0001-7645-7603</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/3149763236/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/3149763236?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,25730,27900,27901,36988,36989,38492,43870,44565,53765,53767,74381,75095</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39772205$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Hubbard, Laura E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stelzer, Erin A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poulson, Rebecca L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kolpin, Dana W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Szablewski, Christine M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Givens, Carrie E</creatorcontrib><title>Development of a Large-Volume Concentration Method to Recover Infectious Avian Influenza Virus from the Aquatic Environment</title><title>Viruses</title><addtitle>Viruses</addtitle><description>Since late 2021, outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus have caused a record number of mortalities in wild birds, domestic poultry, and mammals in North America. Wetlands are plausible environmental reservoirs of avian influenza virus; however, the transmission and persistence of the virus in the aquatic environment are poorly understood. To explore environmental contamination with the avian influenza virus, a large-volume concentration method for detecting infectious avian influenza virus in waterbodies was developed. A variety of filtering, elution, and concentration methods were explored, in addition to testing filtering speeds using artificially amended 20 L water matrices (deionized water with sterile dust, autoclaved wetland water, and wetland water). The optimal protocol was dead-end ultrafiltration coupled with salt solution elution and centrifugation concentration. Using this method, infectious virus was recovered at 1 × 10
50% egg infectious dose per milliliter (EID
/mL), whereas viral RNA was detected inconsistently down to 1 × 10
EID
/mL. This method will aid in furthering our understanding of the avian influenza virus in the environment and may be applicable to the environmental detection of other enveloped viruses.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Aquatic birds</subject><subject>Aquatic environment</subject><subject>Avian flu</subject><subject>avian influenza</subject><subject>Birds - virology</subject><subject>Centrifugation</subject><subject>Elution</subject><subject>environment</subject><subject>Flocculation</subject><subject>infectious</subject><subject>Influenza</subject><subject>Influenza A virus - genetics</subject><subject>Influenza A virus - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Influenza in Birds - virology</subject><subject>method</subject><subject>Methods</subject><subject>RNA, Viral - genetics</subject><subject>Surface water</subject><subject>Testing laboratories</subject><subject>Ultrafiltration</subject><subject>virus</subject><subject>Viruses</subject><subject>water</subject><subject>Water Microbiology</subject><subject>Wetlands</subject><issn>1999-4915</issn><issn>1999-4915</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>COVID</sourceid><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkk1v1DAQQCMEoqVw4A8gS1zKIZCJY8c-odXSwkqLkBD0ak2S8W5Wib11PiTgz9fLllXLyaOZp-eZ0STJa8jec66zDzNIyEFp9SQ5B611WmgQTx_EZ8mLYdhlmZQ6K58nZ1yXZZ5n4jz584lm6vy-JzcybxmyNYYNpTe-m3piS-_qWAk4tt6xrzRufcNGz75T7WcKbOUs1bE2DWwxt-gOiW4i9xvZTRti1gbfs3FLbHE7RUnNrtzcBu8O_71MnlnsBnp1_14kP6-vfiy_pOtvn1fLxTqteS7GVEiCBmuVKShV1SibCd1UogGyHLGSMSiwwkY0hZUVaJKyQlmWEjHOL4BfJKujt_G4M_vQ9hh-GY-t-ZvwYWMwxN46Mo0SVmBeCw1YVLlFDbwQqqgQoJRgo-vj0bWfqp6a43K6R9LHFdduzcbPBkCqrIA8Gi7vDcHfTjSMpm-HmroOHcU9Gg6CqxJ0cUDf_ofu_BRc3FWkCl1KnnMZqXdHqg5-GALZUzeQmcN9mNN9RPbNw_ZP5L-D4HdJB7dk</recordid><startdate>20241210</startdate><enddate>20241210</enddate><creator>Hubbard, Laura E</creator><creator>Stelzer, Erin A</creator><creator>Poulson, Rebecca L</creator><creator>Kolpin, Dana W</creator><creator>Szablewski, Christine M</creator><creator>Givens, Carrie E</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>COVID</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PHGZM</scope><scope>PHGZT</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PJZUB</scope><scope>PKEHL</scope><scope>PPXIY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQGLB</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-6505</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8087-3295</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3813-1500</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7645-7603</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20241210</creationdate><title>Development of a Large-Volume Concentration Method to Recover Infectious Avian Influenza Virus from the Aquatic Environment</title><author>Hubbard, Laura E ; Stelzer, Erin A ; Poulson, Rebecca L ; Kolpin, Dana W ; Szablewski, Christine M ; Givens, Carrie E</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c325t-56e1dac808178bd8f059db5d1ef3aab6d1e4abad5d4f6b19e66ba6776aa999513</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Aquatic birds</topic><topic>Aquatic environment</topic><topic>Avian flu</topic><topic>avian influenza</topic><topic>Birds - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>Viruses</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Hubbard, Laura E</au><au>Stelzer, Erin A</au><au>Poulson, Rebecca L</au><au>Kolpin, Dana W</au><au>Szablewski, Christine M</au><au>Givens, Carrie E</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Development of a Large-Volume Concentration Method to Recover Infectious Avian Influenza Virus from the Aquatic Environment</atitle><jtitle>Viruses</jtitle><addtitle>Viruses</addtitle><date>2024-12-10</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>16</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>1898</spage><pages>1898-</pages><issn>1999-4915</issn><eissn>1999-4915</eissn><abstract>Since late 2021, outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus have caused a record number of mortalities in wild birds, domestic poultry, and mammals in North America. Wetlands are plausible environmental reservoirs of avian influenza virus; however, the transmission and persistence of the virus in the aquatic environment are poorly understood. To explore environmental contamination with the avian influenza virus, a large-volume concentration method for detecting infectious avian influenza virus in waterbodies was developed. A variety of filtering, elution, and concentration methods were explored, in addition to testing filtering speeds using artificially amended 20 L water matrices (deionized water with sterile dust, autoclaved wetland water, and wetland water). The optimal protocol was dead-end ultrafiltration coupled with salt solution elution and centrifugation concentration. Using this method, infectious virus was recovered at 1 × 10
50% egg infectious dose per milliliter (EID
/mL), whereas viral RNA was detected inconsistently down to 1 × 10
EID
/mL. This method will aid in furthering our understanding of the avian influenza virus in the environment and may be applicable to the environmental detection of other enveloped viruses.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>39772205</pmid><doi>10.3390/v16121898</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-6505</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8087-3295</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3813-1500</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7645-7603</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Animals Aquatic birds Aquatic environment Avian flu avian influenza Birds - virology Centrifugation Elution environment Flocculation infectious Influenza Influenza A virus - genetics Influenza A virus - isolation & purification Influenza in Birds - virology method Methods RNA, Viral - genetics Surface water Testing laboratories Ultrafiltration virus Viruses water Water Microbiology Wetlands |
title | Development of a Large-Volume Concentration Method to Recover Infectious Avian Influenza Virus from the Aquatic Environment |
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