Interaction of Energy Drinks with Prescription Medication and Drugs of Abuse

In recent years, the consumption of energy drinks (EDs) has become increasingly popular, especially among adolescents. Caffeine, a psychostimulant, is the main compound of EDs which also contain other substances with pharmacological effects. This review aims to compile current evidence concerning th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pharmaceutics 2021-09, Vol.13 (10), p.1532
Main Authors: Hladun, Olga, Papaseit, Esther, Martín, Soraya, Barriocanal, Ana Maria, Poyatos, Lourdes, Farré, Magí, Pérez-Mañá, Clara
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acidosis
Adenosine
Alcohol
Blood pressure
Caffeine
Cardiac arrhythmia
Cardiomyopathy
Catecholamines
Cocaine
Convulsions & seizures
drug interactions
Drug use
Ecstasy
Energy drinks
Hyperglycemia
Hypotension
Ingredients
Insomnia
Metabolism
Metabolites
Pharmacokinetics
Poisoning
Prescription drugs
Review
Students
Vomiting
Young adults
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Summary:In recent years, the consumption of energy drinks (EDs) has become increasingly popular, especially among adolescents. Caffeine, a psychostimulant, is the main compound of EDs which also contain other substances with pharmacological effects. This review aims to compile current evidence concerning the potential interactions between EDs, medicines, and drugs of abuse as they are frequently consumed in combination. The substances involved are mainly substrates, inductors or inhibitors of CYP1A2, psychostimulants, alcohol and other depressant drugs. Furthermore, intoxications reported with EDs and other substances have also been screened to describe acute toxicity. The results of our review show that the consumption of both EDs alone and in combination is not as safe as previously thought. Health professionals and consumers need to be aware of the potential interactions of these drinks as well as the absence of long-term safety data.
ISSN:1999-4923
1999-4923
DOI:10.3390/pharmaceutics13101532