Acute Changes in Thyroid Hormone Levels among Thai Pesticide Sprayers

The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship of acute pesticide exposures and acute changes in thyroid hormones among Thai farmers. We recruited 78 farmers, who were scheduled to spray insecticides (chlorpyrifos and/or cypermethrin) or herbicides (paraquat and/or glyphosate). On t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Toxics (Basel) 2021-01, Vol.9 (1), p.16
Main Authors: Kongtip, Pornpimol, Nankongnab, Noppanun, Pundee, Ritthirong, Kallayanatham, Nichcha, Pengpumkiat, Sumate, Chungcharoen, Jutamanee, Phommalachai, Chavisa, Konthonbut, Pajaree, Choochouy, Nattagorn, Sowanthip, Preecha, Khangkhun, Phanthawee, Yimsabai, Jutharak, Woskie, Susan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acute effects
acute exposure
Biomarkers
Blood
Blood pressure
Chlorpyrifos
Cypermethrin
Data collection
Diabetes
Farmers
Glyphosate
Herbicides
Hormones
Hypothalamus
Hypothyroidism
Immunoassay
Insecticides
Metabolism
Metabolites
Paraquat
Pesticides
Pituitary
Poisoning
Spraying
Thyroid
Thyroid gland
Thyroid hormones
Thyroxine
Triiodothyronine
Urine
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Summary:The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship of acute pesticide exposures and acute changes in thyroid hormones among Thai farmers. We recruited 78 farmers, who were scheduled to spray insecticides (chlorpyrifos and/or cypermethrin) or herbicides (paraquat and/or glyphosate). On the day before spraying, farmers collected their first morning void urine and went for blood collection. On the spray day, urine samples were collected at end of the spraying event and they were interviewed with questionnaires. The next morning, the first morning void urine and blood samples were collected. Blood samples were analyzed for thyroid hormones. Urine samples were analyzed for the metabolites of the pesticide sprayed. The results showed that the thyroid hormones, free triiodothyronine (FT3) and total triiodothyronine (T3) were significantly reduced as urinary chlorpyrifos metabolite increased the day after spraying. Total thyroxine (T4) significantly increased as cypermethrin metabolites increased the day after spraying. T4 significantly increased as urinary glyphosate levels increased; however, FT3 and T3 decreased significantly as urinary paraquat levels increased the day after spraying. These findings suggest that acute exposures to the pesticides chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, paraquat and glyphosate can produce acute effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis, acutely altering thyroid hormone levels.
ISSN:2305-6304
2305-6304
DOI:10.3390/toxics9010016