Review of Gold Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Properties, Shapes, Cellular Uptake, Targeting, Release Mechanisms and Applications in Drug Delivery and Therapy

The remarkable versatility of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) makes them innovative agents across various fields, including drug delivery, biosensing, catalysis, bioimaging, and vaccine development. This paper provides a detailed review of the important role of AuNPs in drug delivery and therapeutics. We...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pharmaceutics 2024-10, Vol.16 (10), p.1332
Main Authors: Georgeous, Joel, AlSawaftah, Nour, Abuwatfa, Waad H, Husseini, Ghaleb A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antimicrobial agents
Biocompatibility
Cancer
cancer treatment
Chemistry
drug delivery
Drug delivery systems
Drug dosages
Drugs
Evaluation
Gold
gold nanoparticles
Health aspects
Nanoparticles
nanotechnology
Patient compliance
Peptides
Properties
Review
Skin
targeted delivery
Tissue engineering
Toxicity
Transdermal medication
Vehicles
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Summary:The remarkable versatility of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) makes them innovative agents across various fields, including drug delivery, biosensing, catalysis, bioimaging, and vaccine development. This paper provides a detailed review of the important role of AuNPs in drug delivery and therapeutics. We begin by exploring traditional drug delivery systems (DDS), highlighting the role of nanoparticles in revolutionizing drug delivery techniques. We then describe the unique and intriguing properties of AuNPs that make them exceptional for drug delivery. Their shapes, functionalization, drug-loading bonds, targeting mechanisms, release mechanisms, therapeutic effects, and cellular uptake methods are discussed, along with relevant examples from the literature. Lastly, we present the drug delivery applications of AuNPs across various medical domains, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, ocular diseases, and diabetes, with a focus on in vitro and in vivo cancer research.
ISSN:1999-4923
1999-4923
DOI:10.3390/pharmaceutics16101332