Sequential Extraction of Incineration Bottom Ash: Conclusions Regarding Ecotoxicity

The classification of incineration bottom ash (IBA) as hazardous or non-hazardous according to ecotoxic hazard property HP14 is still under debate. In this context, only the compounds of Zn and Cu with the hazard statement code H410 are of relevance. With an approach based on the grouping of substan...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied sciences 2024-07, Vol.14 (13), p.5541
Main Authors: Simon, Franz-Georg, Scholz, Philipp
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acids
Chemical bonds
Classification
ecotoxicity
hazard properties
Heavy metals
incineration bottom ash
Municipal solid waste
Sediments
sequential extraction
synthesis toxicity index
Toxicity
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Summary:The classification of incineration bottom ash (IBA) as hazardous or non-hazardous according to ecotoxic hazard property HP14 is still under debate. In this context, only the compounds of Zn and Cu with the hazard statement code H410 are of relevance. With an approach based on the grouping of substances, it was shown that such substances are either readily water-soluble or slightly and sparingly soluble. The concentrations of readily soluble Cu and Zn compounds in IBA are far below the cut-off value of 0.1%. Slightly and sparingly soluble Zn and Cu compounds could be quantified in the first fraction of a four-step sequential extraction procedure. With the results from the complete sequence, the dimensionless synthesis toxicity index (STI) was calculated and was in the range of 494 to 1218 for the four investigated IBA samples. It was concluded that IBA can usually be classified as non-hazardous.
ISSN:2076-3417
2076-3417
DOI:10.3390/app14135541