Immune Parameters and COVID-19 Infection - Associations With Clinical Severity and Disease Prognosis

Severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by a novel 2019 coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) represents one of the most studied infectious diseases of today. The number of scientific reports and publications increases exponentially day by day. While the majority of infected subjects are asymptomatic or show mil...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology 2020-06, Vol.10, p.364-364
Main Authors: Jesenak, Milos, Brndiarova, Miroslava, Urbancikova, Ingrid, Rennerova, Zuzana, Vojtkova, Jarmila, Bobcakova, Anna, Ostro, Robert, Banovcin, Peter
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Betacoronavirus - immunology
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology
Cellular and Infection Microbiology
coronavirus 2019
Coronavirus Infections - immunology
Coronavirus Infections - pathology
COVID-19
Cytokine Release Syndrome - immunology
cytokine storm
Cytokines - immunology
eosinopenia
Eosinophils - immunology
Humans
Lung - pathology
lymphopenia
Pandemics
Pneumonia, Viral - immunology
Pneumonia, Viral - pathology
Prognosis
SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV2
Severity of Illness Index
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Summary:Severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by a novel 2019 coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) represents one of the most studied infectious diseases of today. The number of scientific reports and publications increases exponentially day by day. While the majority of infected subjects are asymptomatic or show mild symptoms, there is an important proportion of patients who requires hospitalization and, sometimes, intensive care. Immune response to novel coronavirus is complex, involves both innate and adaptive immunity, and is biphasic. Significant differences were observed when comparing severe and non-severe patients. Analysis of the reported results from clinical trials clearly show an involvement of specific cellular immunity (predominantly leucopenia, decreased counts of CD3 , CD4 , and CD8 T lymphocytes, changes of T cell compartment) and the so-called cytokine storm, which is associated with worsening of symptoms and the promotion of lung damage. An interesting finding regarding eosinopenia that can have both diagnostic and prognostic value is reported by some authors. Examination of selected immune parameters could help to identify severe patients with the risk of unfavorable course of the disease, predict the prognosis and recognize improvement in the clinical status. Moreover, detailed analysis of the immune changes could help to select novel prospective therapeutic strategies.
ISSN:2235-2988
2235-2988
DOI:10.3389/fcimb.2020.00364