The Transmission Route and Selection Pressure in HCV Subtype 3a and 3b Chinese Infections: Evolutionary Kinetics and Selective Force Analysis

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 3 (GT-3) represents 22–30% of all infections and is the second most common genotype among all HCV genotypes. It has two main subtypes, GT-3a and GT-3b, that present epidemiological differences in transmission groups. This report generated 56 GT-3a and 64 GT-3b whole-...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Viruses 2022-07, Vol.14 (7), p.1514
Main Authors: Xu, Ru, Rong, Xia, Aranday-Cortes, Elihu, Vattipally, Sreenu, Hughes, Joseph, McLauchlan, John, Fu, Yongshui
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bioinformatics
Blood & organ donations
Blood donors
Drug abuse
Epidemiology
Evolution
Evolution & development
Genomes
Genotype & phenotype
Genotypes
Hepatitis C
hepatitis C virus
Infections
Intravenous administration
Maximum likelihood method
Mutation
origin
Phylogenetics
Population
Positive selection
RNA polymerase
selection
Software
transfusion route
Viruses
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Summary:Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 3 (GT-3) represents 22–30% of all infections and is the second most common genotype among all HCV genotypes. It has two main subtypes, GT-3a and GT-3b, that present epidemiological differences in transmission groups. This report generated 56 GT-3a and 64 GT-3b whole-genome sequences to conduct an evolutionary kinetics and selective force analysis with reference sequences from various countries. Evolutionary analysis showed that HCV GT-3a worldwide might have been transmitted from the Indian subcontinent to South Asia, Europe, North America and then become endemic in China. In China, GT-3a may have been transmitted by intravenous drug users (IDUs) and become endemic in the general population, while GT-3b may have originated from IDUs and then underwent mutual transmission between blood donors (BDs) and IDUs, ultimately becoming independently endemic in IDUs. Furthermore, the spread of GT-3a and GT-3b sequences from BD and IDU populations exhibit different selective pressures: the proportion of positively selected sites (PPSs) in E1 and E2 from IDUs was higher than in BDs. The number of positive selection sites was higher in GT-3b and IDUs. These results indicate that different selective constraints act along with the GT-3a and GT-3b genomes from IDUs and BDs. In addition, GT-3a and GT-3b have different transmission routes in China, which allows us to formulate specific HCV prevention and control strategies in China.
ISSN:1999-4915
1999-4915
DOI:10.3390/v14071514