Marine-Derived Macrocyclic Alkaloids (MDMAs): Chemical and Biological Diversity

The curiosity and attention that researchers have devoted to alkaloids are due to their bioactivities, structural diversity, and intriguing chemistry. Marine-derived macrocyclic alkaloids (MDMAs) are considered to be a potential source of drugs. Trabectedin, a tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative, has...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Marine drugs 2020-07, Vol.18 (7), p.368
Main Authors: Althagbi, Hanan I, Alarif, Walied M, Al-Footy, Khalid O, Abdel-Lateff, Ahmed
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alkaloids
Alkaloids - chemistry
Alkaloids - isolation & purification
Alkaloids - pharmacology
Animals
Antimalarial agents
Antiprotozoal agents
Aquatic Organisms - chemistry
Biodiversity
Biological activity
Cancer
Cytotoxicity
Drugs
E coli
FDA approval
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Leukemia
Ligands
macrocyclic alkaloids
Macrocyclic Compounds - chemistry
Macrocyclic Compounds - isolation & purification
Macrocyclic Compounds - pharmacology
Marine chemistry
marine natural products
Marine organisms
Metabolites
Metastases
Molecular Structure
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Organic compounds
Ovarian cancer
Ovaries
potential drugs
Pyridinium
Pyrroles
Quinolines
Review
Salts
Sarcoma
Soft tissue sarcoma
Soft tissues
Structure-Activity Relationship
Tetrahydroisoquinoline
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Summary:The curiosity and attention that researchers have devoted to alkaloids are due to their bioactivities, structural diversity, and intriguing chemistry. Marine-derived macrocyclic alkaloids (MDMAs) are considered to be a potential source of drugs. Trabectedin, a tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative, has been approved for the treatment of metastatic soft tissue sarcoma and ovarian cancers. MDMAs displayed potent activities that enabled them to be used as anticancer, anti-invasion, antimalarial, antiplasmodial, and antimicrobial. This review presents the reported chemical structures, biological activities, and structure-activity relationships of macrocyclic alkaloids from marine organisms that have been published since their discovery until May 2020. This includes 204 compounds that are categorized under eight subclasses: pyrroles, quinolines, bis-quinolizidines, bis-1-oxaquinolizidines, 3-alkylpiperidines, manzamines, 3-alkyl pyridinium salts, and motuporamines.
ISSN:1660-3397
1660-3397
DOI:10.3390/md18070368