Postpartum life interventions to prevent type 2 diabetes in women with gestational diabetes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

• Published in: Journal of diabetes investigation 2024-08, Vol.15 (8), p.1115-1128
• Main Authors: Wang, Yu, Wei, Wenjun, Guo, Heming, Wang, Dengmin, Wei, Xueli, Zhang, Chunlan, Zhang, Xiaoyan, Huang, Yun
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Bias; Blood levels; Body mass index; Clinical trials; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - prevention & control; Diabetes, Gestational - prevention & control; Diet; Exercise; Fasting; Female; Gestational diabetes; Glucose; Hemoglobin; Humans; Intervention; Life Style; Lifestyle interventions; Lifestyles; Meta-analysis; Metabolic disorders; Nutrition research; Original; Physical activity; Physical fitness; Postpartum; Postpartum Period; Pregnancy; Pregnancy complications; Prevention; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Statistical analysis; Systematic review; Womens health
• ISSN: 2040-1116; 2040-1124; 2040-1124
• DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14220

ABSTRACT Aims/Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major metabolic disease that seriously endangers life and health, but women with gestational diabetes mellitus are at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of postpartum lifestyle intervention on the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and the effect of lifestyle intervention on glycemic outcomes and anthropometric measures. Materials and Methods We searched PubMed and other databases to retrieve articles published before May 21, 2023, on randomized controlled trials of postnatal lifestyle interventions (diet and/or physical activity) in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. We estimated the pooled odds ratios using fixed or random effects models and conducted a subgroup analysis of the different intervention methods to explore differences in the different lifestyle interventions. Results The review included 17 randomized controlled trials. Overall, lifestyle changes started after a pregnancy complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus an 11% (RR = 0.89; 95% CI: 0.74–1.07) reduction in diabetes risk; significant differences were found for weight (MD = −1.33; 95% CI: [−1.76; −0.89], P