Molecular Functions of Hydrogen Sulfide in Cancer

Hydrogen sulfide (H S) is a gasotransmitter that exerts a multitude of functions in both physiologic and pathophysiologic processes. H S-synthesizing enzymes are increased in a variety of human malignancies, including colon, prostate, breast, renal, urothelial, ovarian, oral squamous cell, and thyro...

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Published in:Pathophysiology (Amsterdam) 2021-09, Vol.28 (3), p.437-456
Main Authors: Shackelford, Rodney E, Mohammad, Islam Z, Meram, Andrew T, Kim, David, Alotaibi, Fawaz, Patel, Stavan, Ghali, Ghali E, Kevil, Christopher G
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase
cancer
cystathionine β-synthase
cystathionine γ-lyase
H2S
hydrogen sulfide
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Summary:Hydrogen sulfide (H S) is a gasotransmitter that exerts a multitude of functions in both physiologic and pathophysiologic processes. H S-synthesizing enzymes are increased in a variety of human malignancies, including colon, prostate, breast, renal, urothelial, ovarian, oral squamous cell, and thyroid cancers. In cancer, H S promotes tumor growth, cellular and mitochondrial bioenergetics, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, tumor blood flow, metastasis, epithelia-mesenchymal transition, DNA repair, protein sulfhydration, and chemotherapy resistance Additionally, in some malignancies, increased H S-synthesizing enzyme expression correlates with a worse prognosis and a higher tumor stage. Here we review the role of H S in cancer, with an emphasis on the molecular mechanisms by which H S promotes cancer development, progression, dedifferentiation, and metastasis.
ISSN:1873-149X
0928-4680
1873-149X
DOI:10.3390/pathophysiology28030028