Fatigue Crack Growth Rate of the Long Term Operated Puddle Iron from the Eiffel Bridge

The paper summarises an experimental study on the fatigue crack propagation and cracks paths in ancient steel—19th-century puddle iron from the Eiffel bridge. The tests were performed with the load R-ratio equal to 0.05 and 0.5. All tests were performed under different notch inclinations (mode I + I...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Metals (Basel ) 2019-01, Vol.9 (1), p.53
Main Authors: Lesiuk, Grzegorz, Correia, José A. F. O., Smolnicki, Michał, De Jesus, Abílio M. P., Duda, Monika, Montenegro, Pedro A., Calcada, Rui A. B.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
20th century
Algorithms
Analytical chemistry
Bridges
Compliance
Construction
Crack closure
Crack initiation
Crack propagation
Digital cameras
fatigue crack propagation
Fatigue cracks
Fatigue failure
Fatigue tests
Fracture mechanics
Hysteresis loops
Low carbon steels
Measurement techniques
Metal fatigue
microstructure
mixed-mode loading
old steel
puddle/wrought iron
Steel
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Summary:The paper summarises an experimental study on the fatigue crack propagation and cracks paths in ancient steel—19th-century puddle iron from the Eiffel bridge. The tests were performed with the load R-ratio equal to 0.05 and 0.5. All tests were performed under different notch inclinations (mode I + II). The fatigue crack growth rate in the tested material is significantly higher than its “modern” equivalent—low carbon mild steel. The crack closure phenomenon occurs in specimens during the process of crack growth. Understanding this aspect is crucial for the examination of a stress R-ratio influence on kinetic fatigue fracture diagram (KFFD) description. Both the experimental and numerical approach, using the HP VEE environment, has been applied to the crack closure as well as the crack opening forces’ estimation. These analyses are based on the deformation of the hysteresis loop. The algorithm that was implemented in the numerical environment is promising when it comes to describing the kinetics of fatigue crack growth (taking into consideration the crack closure effect) in old metallic materials.
ISSN:2075-4701
2075-4701
DOI:10.3390/met9010053