Ecological Effects of Benzyl Chloride on Different Korean Aquatic Indigenous Species Using an Artificial Stream Mesocosm Simulating a Chemical Spill

In this study, an artificial stream mesocosm consisting of a head tank, faster-flowing riffle section, gravel section, pool section, lower-run section, and tail tank was installed to simulate a chemical spill in a river. The responses of freshwater periphyton algae, crustacea ( ), freshwater worm (...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Toxics (Basel) 2021-12, Vol.9 (12), p.347
Main Authors: Kim, Soo-Yeon, Park, Seong-Hwan, Kim, Dae-Wook, Noh, Won, Lee, Sang-Jun, Jeong, Hee-Jin, Park, Jong-Bin, Gwak, Yeong-Ji, Park, Jin-Woo, Yeom, Dong-Hyuk
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algae
Aquatic ecosystems
artificial stream
benzyl chloride
Chemical spills
Chloride
Chlorides
Creeks & streams
Drinking water
Ecological effects
Environmental assessment
Environmental economics
Environmental risk
Fish
Gravel
Indigenous species
Korean indigenous species
Laboratories
Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri
Moina macrocopa
Mortality
Periphyton
Photosynthesis
Protected species
Risk assessment
Rivers
Taxonomy
Toxicity
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Summary:In this study, an artificial stream mesocosm consisting of a head tank, faster-flowing riffle section, gravel section, pool section, lower-run section, and tail tank was installed to simulate a chemical spill in a river. The responses of freshwater periphyton algae, crustacea ( ), freshwater worm ( ), benthic midge ( ), and fish ( and ) were observed after exposure to benzyl chloride (classified as an accident preparedness substance, APS) at concentrations of 1, 2, and 4 µL/L for 22.5 h. Higher concentrations increased the inhibition (photosynthetic efficiency decrease) of periphyton algae and the mortality of , whereas the reproduction of the female cladoceran decreased in the 4 µL/L treatment. Mortality of fish did not occur or was lower (≤20%) at all concentrations; however, toxic symptoms were observed for some time after chemical exposure termination and later, symptoms receded. mortality increased at all concentrations except the control after seven days, and no significant toxic effects were observed in . The hazardous concentration of benzyl chloride was calculated as 94 µg/L. This study showed the different sensitivities of each species to benzyl chloride. The findings can assist in environmental risk assessment of APSs after chemical spills to protect Korean aquatic species.
ISSN:2305-6304
2305-6304
DOI:10.3390/toxics9120347