Screening of Six Medicinal Plant Extracts Obtained by Two Conventional Methods and Supercritical CO₂ Extraction Targeted on Coumarin Content, 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl Radical Scavenging Capacity and Total Phenols Content

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2017-02, Vol.22 (3), p.348
• Main Authors: Molnar, Maja, Jerković, Igor, Suknović, Dragica, Bilić Rajs, Blanka, Aladić, Krunoslav, Šubarić, Drago, Jokić, Stela
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: antiradical capacity; Assaying; Carbon dioxide; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid; Coumarin; Coumarins - chemistry; Coumarins - pharmacology; Ethanol; Extraction; Free Radical Scavengers - chemistry; Free Radical Scavengers - pharmacology; Gallic acid; Herbal medicine; High performance liquid chromatography; Maceration; medicinal plants; Phenols; Phenols - analysis; Plant extracts; Plant Extracts - chemistry; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Plants, Medicinal - chemistry; Scavenging; supercritical CO2 extraction; Ultraviolet
• ISSN: 1420-3049; 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules22030348

Six medicinal plants (Roth) G. Don, L., L., L., L., and L. were used. The aim of the study was to compare their extracts obtained by Soxhlet (hexane) extraction, maceration with ethanol (EtOH), and supercritical CO₂ extraction (SC-CO₂) targeted on coumarin content (by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection, HPLC-UV), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) scavenging capacity, and total phenols (TPs) content (by Folin-Ciocalteu assay). The highest extraction yields were obtained by EtOH, followed by hexane and SC-CO₂. The highest coumarin content (316.37 mg/100 g) was found in EtOH extracts, but its SC-CO₂ extraction yield was very low for further investigation. Coumarin was also found in SC-CO₂ extracts of , , , and . EtOH extracts of all plants exhibited the highest DPPH scavenging capacity. SC-CO₂ extracts exhibited antiradical capacity similar to hexane extracts, while SC-CO₂ extracts were the most potent (95.7%). EtOH extracts contained the most TPs (up to 132.1 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g from ) in comparison to hexane or SC-CO₂ extracts. TPs content was highly correlated to the DPPH scavenging capacity of the extracts. The results indicate that for comprehensive screening of different medicinal plants, various extraction techniques should be used in order to get a better insight into their components content or antiradical capacity.