An Ultra-Sensitive Technique: Using Pv -mtCOX1 qPCR to Detect Early Recurrences of Plasmodium vivax in Patients in the Brazilian Amazon

Early recurrence of is a challenge for malaria control in the field, particularly because this species is associated with lower parasitemia, which hinders diagnosis and monitoring through blood smear testing. Early recurrences, defined as the persistence of parasites in the peripheral blood despite...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pathogens (Basel) 2020-12, Vol.10 (1), p.19
Main Authors: Barbosa, Laila R A, da Silva, Emanuelle L, de Almeida, Anne C G, Salazar, Yanka E A R, Siqueira, André M, Alecrim, Maria das Graças Costa, Vieira, José Luiz Fernandes, Bassat, Quique, de Lacerda, Marcus V G, Monteiro, Wuelton M, Melo, Gisely C
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Asexuality
Asymptomatic
Blood
Chloroquine
chloroquine resistance
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
Health surveillance
Infections
Light microscopy
Malaria
malaria diagnosis
Microscopy
Mitochondrial DNA
Optical microscopy
Parasitemia
Parasites
Peripheral blood
Plasmodium vivax
Sensitivity analysis
submicroscopic infection
Vector-borne diseases
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Summary:Early recurrence of is a challenge for malaria control in the field, particularly because this species is associated with lower parasitemia, which hinders diagnosis and monitoring through blood smear testing. Early recurrences, defined as the persistence of parasites in the peripheral blood despite adequate drug dosages, may arise from resistance to chloroquine. The objective of the study was to estimate early recurrence of in the Brazilian Amazon by using a highly-sensitive detection method, in this case, PCR. An ultra-sensitive qPCR that targeted mitochondrial DNA was used to compare a standard qPCR that targeted 18S rDNA to detect early recurrence of in very low densities in samples from patients treated with chloroquine. Out of a total of 312 cases, 29 samples (9.3%) were characterized as recurrences, from which 3.2% (10/312) were only detected through ultra-sensitive qPCR testing. Studies that report the detection of early recurrences using light microscopy may severely underestimate their true incidence.
ISSN:2076-0817
2076-0817
DOI:10.3390/pathogens10010019