Exosome: A Review of Its Classification, Isolation Techniques, Storage, Diagnostic and Targeted Therapy Applications

Exosomes are nano-sized small extracellular vesicles secreted by cells, carrying nucleic acids, proteins, lipids and other bioactive substances to play a role in the body's physiological and pathological processes. Compared to synthetic carriers such as liposomes and nanoparticles, the endogene...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of nanomedicine 2020-01, Vol.15, p.6917-6934
Main Authors: Zhang, Yi, Bi, Jiayao, Huang, Jiayi, Tang, Yanan, Du, Shouying, Li, Pengyue
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
B cells
Biomarkers
Classification
Cryopreservation
Drug delivery systems
Drug Delivery Systems - methods
exosomes
Exosomes - chemistry
Exosomes - metabolism
Exosomes - transplantation
extraction and purification
Food
Freeze Drying
Humans
Kinases
Leukemia
Lipids
Medical research
Metastasis
Molecular Biology - methods
Molecular Targeted Therapy - methods
Nucleic acids
Nucleic Acids - chemistry
Nucleic Acids - metabolism
Pancreatic cancer
Physiology
Proteins
Proteins - chemistry
Proteins - metabolism
Review
Stem cells
storage stability
surface modification
targeted drug delivery
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Summary:Exosomes are nano-sized small extracellular vesicles secreted by cells, carrying nucleic acids, proteins, lipids and other bioactive substances to play a role in the body's physiological and pathological processes. Compared to synthetic carriers such as liposomes and nanoparticles, the endogeneity and heterogeneity of exosomes give them extensive and unique advantages in the field of disease diagnosis and treatment. However, the storage stability, low yield, low purity, and weak targeting of exosomes limit its clinical application. For this reason, further exploration is needed to optimize the above problems and facilitate future functional studies of exosomes. In this paper, the origin, classification, preparation and characterization, storage stability and applications of exosome delivery system are summarized and discussed by searching a large number of literatures.
ISSN:1178-2013
1176-9114
1178-2013
DOI:10.2147/ijn.s264498