The Significance of COVID-19 Immunological Status in Severe Neurological Complications and Multiple Sclerosis—A Literature Review

SARS-CoV-2/Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is responsible for the pandemic, which started in December 2019. In addition to the typical respiratory symptoms, this virus also causes other severe complications, including neurological ones. In diagnostics, serological and polymerase chain reaction tests are...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2021-05, Vol.22 (11), p.5894
Main Authors: Kulikowska, Joanna, Kulczyńska-Przybik, Agnieszka, Mroczko, Barbara, Kułakowska, Alina
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
antibodies
cerebrospinal fluid
COVID-19
neuro-COVID
Review
SARS-CoV-2
serology
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Summary:SARS-CoV-2/Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is responsible for the pandemic, which started in December 2019. In addition to the typical respiratory symptoms, this virus also causes other severe complications, including neurological ones. In diagnostics, serological and polymerase chain reaction tests are useful not only in detecting past infections but can also predict the response to vaccination. It is now believed that an immune mechanism rather than direct viral neuroinvasion is responsible for neurological symptoms. For this reason, it is important to assess the presence of antibodies not only in the serum but also in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), especially in the case of neuro-COVID. A particular group of patients are people with multiple sclerosis (MS) whose disease-modifying drugs weaken the immune system and lead to an unpredictable serological response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Based on available data, the article summarizes the current serological information concerning COVID-19 in CSF in patients with severe neurological complications and in those with MS.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms22115894