Abdominal compartment syndrome: pathophysiology and definitions

"Intra-abdominal hypertension", the presence of elevated intra-abdominal pressure, and "abdominal compartment syndrome", the development of pressure-induced organ-dysfunction and failure, have been increasingly recognized over the past decade as causes of significant morbidity an...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine resuscitation and emergency medicine, 2009-03, Vol.17 (1), p.10-10
Main Author: Cheatham, Michael L
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abdomen
Abdomen - physiopathology
Care and treatment
Compartment syndrome
Compartment Syndromes - diagnosis
Compartment Syndromes - physiopathology
Compression therapy
Diagnosis
Humans
Hypertension
Mortality
Pathophysiology
Patients
Pulmonary arteries
Review
Surgeons
Veins & arteries
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Summary:"Intra-abdominal hypertension", the presence of elevated intra-abdominal pressure, and "abdominal compartment syndrome", the development of pressure-induced organ-dysfunction and failure, have been increasingly recognized over the past decade as causes of significant morbidity and mortality among critically ill surgical and medical patients. Elevated intra-abdominal pressure can cause significant impairment of cardiac, pulmonary, renal, gastrointestinal, hepatic, and central nervous system function. The significant prognostic value of elevated intra-abdominal pressure has prompted many intensive care units to adopt measurement of this physiologic parameter as a routine vital sign in patients at risk. A thorough understanding of the pathophysiologic implications of elevated intra-abdominal pressure is fundamental to 1) recognizing the presence of intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome, 2) effectively resuscitating patients afflicted by these potentially life-threatening diseases, and 3) preventing the development of intra-abdominal pressure-induced end-organ dysfunction and failure. The currently accepted consensus definitions surrounding the diagnosis and treatment of intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome are presented.
ISSN:1757-7241
1757-7241
DOI:10.1186/1757-7241-17-10