Expression of Genes Encoding Selected Orexigenic and Anorexigenic Peptides and Their Receptors in the Organs of the Gastrointestinal Tract of Calves and Adult Domestic Cattle ( Bos taurus taurus )

The regulation of food intake occurs at multiple levels, and two of the components of this process are orexigenic and anorexigenic peptides, which stimulate or inhibit appetite, respectively. The study of the function of these compounds in domestic cattle is essential for production efficiency, anim...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2023-12, Vol.25 (1), p.533
Main Authors: Kras, Katarzyna, Ropka-Molik, Katarzyna, Muszyński, Siemowit, Arciszewski, Marcin B
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adults
Age groups
Animal welfare
Animals
anorexigenic peptides
Appetite
Cattle
Food
food intake
Gastrointestinal system
gastrointestinal tract
Gene expression
Genes
Hypothalamus
Leptin
Ligands
Livestock industry
Nervous system
orexigenic peptides
Peptides
real-time PCR
RNA
Small intestine
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Summary:The regulation of food intake occurs at multiple levels, and two of the components of this process are orexigenic and anorexigenic peptides, which stimulate or inhibit appetite, respectively. The study of the function of these compounds in domestic cattle is essential for production efficiency, animal welfare, and health, as well as for economic benefits, environmental protection, and the contribution to a better understanding of physiological aspects that can be applied to other species. In this study, the real-time PCR method was utilized to determine the expression levels of , , , , , , and (which encode ghrelin, its receptor, phoenixin-14, its receptor, leptin, its receptor, and nesfatin-1, respectively) in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of Polish Holstein-Friesian breed cattle. In all analyzed GIT segments, mRNA for all the genes was present in both age groups, confirming their significance in these tissues. Gene expression levels varied distinctly across different GIT segments and between young and mature subjects. The differences between calves and adults were particularly pronounced in areas such as the forestomachs, ileum, and jejunum, indicating potential changes in peptides regulating food intake based on the developmental phase. In mature individuals, the forestomachs predominantly displayed an increase in expression, while the intestines had elevated levels of , , , and . In contrast, the forestomachs in calves showed upregulated expressions of , , and , highlighting the potential importance of peptides from these genes in bovine forestomach development.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms25010533