Different hypersensitivities against homologous proteins of MGL_1304 in patients with atopic dermatitis

• Published in: Allergology international 2018-01, Vol.67 (1), p.103-108
• Main Authors: Kohsaka, Takuma, Hiragun, Takaaki, Ishii, Kaori, Hiragun, Makiko, Kamegashira, Akiko, Hide, Michihiro
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Atopic dermatitis; Homologs; Malassezia; MGL_1304; Sweat allergy
• ISSN: 1323-8930; 1440-1592
• DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2017.05.009

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is exacerbated by sweating, and the skin of most patients with AD are resided by Malassezia (M.) fungi. Recently, MGL_1304 produced by Malassezia globosa was identified as the major histamine releasing antigen in human sweat. The full length cDNA of the counterpart of MGL_1304 in Malassezia restricta (Mala r 8), was cloned by degenerate PCR and rapid identification of cDNA ends (RACE). Recombinant MGL_1304, and its counterparts, Mala s 8 (produced by Malassezia sympodialis) and Mala r 8 were prepared, and compared in their allergenicities by dot blot analysis and histamine release tests with sera and basophils of patients with AD. The identities between MGL_1304 and Mala s 8, MGL_1304 and Mala r 8, and Mala s 8 and Mala r 8 were 68%, 78%, and 76%, respectively, in protein sequences. Dot blot analysis revealed that the level of IgE binding to Mala s 8 was higher than that of MGL_1304. However, histamine release tests revealed that MGL_1304 and Mala r 8 possessed higher activity than Mala s 8. In addition, the crude lysate of M. globosa showed higher histamine release ability than that of M. sympodialis. Patients with AD showed hypersensitivities against MGL_1304 and its homologs. However, the allergenicities of the homologs are variable and the histamine release activities may be different from the solid-phase binding activities for IgE. Sweat allergy should be carefully evaluated with biological activities of MGL_1304 and its homologs of other Malassezia fungi residing on the skin.