Advancements in Research on Mesenchymal Stem-Cell-Derived Exosomal miRNAs: A Pivotal Insight into Aging and Age-Related Diseases

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are capable of differentiating into various cell types and play a crucial role in repairing aging tissues and diseased organs. Aging manifests as a gradual loss of cellular, tissue, and organ function, leading to the progression of pathologies. Exosomes (Exos) are extra...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biomolecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2024-10, Vol.14 (11), p.1354
Main Authors: Huang, Minglei, Liu, Ye, Zhang, Longze, Wang, Shuangmin, Wang, Xianyao, He, Zhixu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aging
Aging - genetics
Aging - metabolism
aging-related diseases
Angiogenesis
Animals
Cell differentiation
Cell interactions
Chemokines
Communication
Cytochrome
Cytokines
Development and progression
Diseases
Enzymes
Exosomes
Exosomes - genetics
Exosomes - metabolism
Extracellular vesicles
Growth factors
Homeostasis
Humans
Inflammation
Liu, Timothy
Mesenchymal stem cells
Mesenchymal Stem Cells - metabolism
MicroRNA
MicroRNAs
MicroRNAs - genetics
MicroRNAs - metabolism
miRNA
miRNAs
Molecular modelling
Proteins
Public health
Review
RNA polymerase
Senescence
Stem cell research
Stem cells
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Summary:Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are capable of differentiating into various cell types and play a crucial role in repairing aging tissues and diseased organs. Aging manifests as a gradual loss of cellular, tissue, and organ function, leading to the progression of pathologies. Exosomes (Exos) are extracellular vesicles secreted by cells, which maintain cellular homeostasis, clear cellular debris, and facilitate communication between cells and organs. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the mechanisms for the synthesis and sorting of MSC-Exo miRNAs and summarizes the current research status of MSCs-Exos in mitigating aging and age-related diseases. It delves into the underlying molecular mechanisms, which encompass antioxidative stress, anti-inflammatory response, and the promotion of angiogenesis. Additionally, this review also discusses potential challenges in and future strategies for advancing MSC-Exo miRNA-based therapies in the treatment of aging and age-related diseases.
ISSN:2218-273X
2218-273X
DOI:10.3390/biom14111354