Dietary Intake of Anti-Oxidant Vitamins A, C, and E Is Inversely Associated with Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes in Chinese-A 22-Years Population-Based Prospective Study

• Published in: Nutrients 2018-11, Vol.10 (11), p.1664
• Main Authors: Lee, Chi-Ho, Chan, Ruth S M, Wan, Helen Y L, Woo, Yu-Cho, Cheung, Chloe Y Y, Fong, Carol H Y, Cheung, Bernard M Y, Lam, Tai-Hing, Janus, Edward, Woo, Jean, Lam, Karen S L
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; adverse cardiovascular outcomes; Aged; anti-oxidant; Antioxidants - administration & dosage; Ascorbic Acid - administration & dosage; Asian Continental Ancestry Group; Blood Glucose - metabolism; Body Mass Index; Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology; Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control; Cardiovascular System - metabolism; chinese; Cholesterol - blood; Diet; Dietary Fiber - administration & dosage; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Hong Kong - epidemiology; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Potassium - urine; prediction model; Prevalence; Proportional Hazards Models; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors; Sodium - urine; Triglycerides - blood; vitamin A; Vitamin A - administration & dosage; vitamin C; vitamin E; Vitamin E - administration & dosage; Waist Circumference
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu10111664

Conflicting and population-dependent findings have been reported from epidemiological studies on the associations of dietary intake of anti-oxidant vitamins with cardiovascular events. We investigated the prospective relationship between dietary intake of anti-oxidant vitamins and incident adverse cardiovascular outcomes amongst Hong Kong Chinese. In this prospective population-based study, baseline dietary intake of anti-oxidant vitamins (A, C, and E) were assessed using a food frequency questionnaire in 875 Chinese participants from the Hong Kong Cardiovascular Risk Factor Prevalence Study (CRISPS) in 1995⁻1996. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of incident adverse cardiovascular outcomes, defined as the first recorded diagnosis of cardiovascular deaths, non-fatal myocardial infarction or non-fatal stroke, and coronary or other arterial revascularizations, was calculated per unit intake of each vitamin using multivariable Cox regression. Over a median follow-up of 22 years, 85 participants (9.7%) developed adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Dietary intakes of vitamin A, C, and E were independently and inversely associated with incident adverse cardiovascular outcomes (HR 0.68, 95%CI 0.53⁻0.88, = 0.003 for vitamin A; HR 0.66, 95%CI 0.52⁻0.85, = 0.001 for vitamin C; and HR 0.57, 95%CI 0.38⁻0.86, = 0.017 for vitamin E) after adjustments for conventional cardiovascular risk factors at baseline. Dietary intakes of anti-oxidant vitamins A, C, and E reduced the risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes in Hong Kong Chinese.