Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms of Novel Synthetic Ruthenium Compounds

• Published in: Applied sciences 2021-11, Vol.11 (21), p.10092
• Main Authors: Jayakumar, Thanasekaran, Sheu, Joen-Rong, Hsia, Chih-Wei, Bhavan, Periyakali Saravana, Chang, Chao-Chien
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: anti-inflammatory effects; Cancer therapies; Cell division; Cisplatin; Cytokines; Drugs; Enzymes; Immune system; Immunosuppressive agents; Inflammation; inflammatory cytokines; Inflammatory diseases; Interleukins; Investigations; Kinases; Liver; MAPKs; Metal complexes; Metallography; Molecular modelling; NF-κB; NF-κB protein; Nitric oxide; Oxidative stress; Phosphorylation; Platinum; Prostaglandin E2; Protein kinase; ROS; Ruthenium; Ruthenium compounds; Transcription factors; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Tumor necrosis factor-α
• ISSN: 2076-3417; 2076-3417
• DOI: 10.3390/app112110092

Inflammation is the primary biological reaction to induce severe infection or injury in the immune system. Control of different inflammatory cytokines, such as nitric oxide (NO), interleukins (IL), tumor necrosis factor alpha-(TNF-α), noncytokine mediator, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), facilitates anti-inflammatory effect of different substances. Coordination metal complexes have been applied as metallo-drugs. Several metal complexes have found to possess potent biological activities, especially anticancer, cardioprotective, chondroprotective and anti-parasitosis activities. Among the metallo drugs, ruthenium-based (Ru) complexes have paid much attention in clinical applications. Despite the kinetic nature of Ru complexes is similar to platinum in terms of cell division events, their toxic effect is lower than that of cisplatin. This paper reviews the anti-inflammatory effect of novel synthetic Ru complexes with potential molecular mechanisms that are actively involved.